Magnetic Resonance Relaxometry for Oxidative Stress Assessment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for characterizing oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus patients are inadequate, as existing biomarkers fail to accurately predict complications associated with oxidative-nitrosative stress, which is a major pathological process leading to secondary complications like nephropathy, retinopathy, and cardiovascular diseases.
Innovation Solution
A magnetic resonance relaxometry (MRR) method that measures longitudinal and transverse relaxation times of blood samples to assess the redox state, using a magnetic state diagram to quantify oxidative and nitrosative stress, allowing for the stratification of diabetic subjects based on their oxidative status and glycaemic control.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional biomarkers are used to assess oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus patients, then the diagnostic method is simple and widely available, but the accuracy in predicting complications associated with oxidative-nitrosative stress is inadequate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces conventional biochemical assay methods with magnetic resonance relaxometry, substituting chemical detection mechanisms with magnetic field-based detection. This allows for non-invasive, accurate measurement of redox state through relaxation time parameters without complex sample preparation or chemical reagents
Solution Approach 2:
The invention utilizes changes in magnetic relaxation parameters (T1 and T2) as indicators of redox state. By measuring and analyzing these physical parameters, the system can accurately assess oxidative stress levels and predict complications, transforming the assessment from chemical biomarker analysis to physical parameter detection
2Measurement precision
If magnetic resonance relaxometry is used to measure longitudinal and transverse relaxation times, then the redox state can be accurately detected, but the device complexity and measurement time increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs periodic radiofrequency pulse sequences to generate and measure spin echoes. By using repeated, periodic excitation pulses and measuring the decay of echoes at specific time points, the system efficiently extracts T1 and T2 relaxation times, reducing overall measurement time while maintaining high precision
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary calibration and establishes reference relaxation time values before actual measurements. This pre-characterization of the magnetic environment and sample properties allows for faster, more accurate interpretation of redox state without requiring extensive measurement time during actual diagnostics
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach provides a highly sensitive and targeted method to accurately detect and quantify oxidative stress, enabling the stratification of diabetic patients into subgroups based on their oxidative status, potentially improving clinical diagnostic and prognostic capabilities.
Implementation Method 1
Magnetic resonance relaxometry (MRR) is a technique used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to acquire spin-echoes
Implementation Method 2
at least one magnet supplying an external magnetic field to a detection region of the radio-frequency detection probe
Data Source
AI summary
A low-cost and bench-top magnetic resonance relaxometer can be used for ex-vivo biochemical stress tests on plasma/erythrocytes, enabling deep-phenotyping of an individual's oxidative status, susceptibility and capacity.