Msi2 Protein Mutation for Haploid Plant Production
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for producing haploid and doubled haploid plants in agriculture are time-consuming and costly, with limited applicability across crop species due to the high heterozygosity in breeding material, and existing modifications to the CenH3 protein have not been effective in inducing uni-parental genome elimination in crop plants.
Innovation Solution
Introduction of a loss-of-function mutation in the Msi2 protein, specifically a unique single nucleotide polymorphism resulting in a premature stop codon or amino acid modification, to induce haploid offspring when crossed with a wild-type plant, allowing for the generation of haploid and doubled haploid plants in Solanum lycopersicum.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If microspore culture method is used to produce haploid plants, then haploid plants can be obtained, but the process is costly and time-consuming
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the genetic parameter by introducing a loss-of-function mutation in the Msi2 protein (specifically a premature stop codon at position 126), which fundamentally alters the mechanism of haploid plant production from tissue culture-based microspore culture to a genetic manipulation approach that induces uni-parental genome elimination through modified protein function
Solution Approach 2:
The invention replaces the mechanical/tissue culture-based microspore culture system with a molecular genetic system that uses protein mutation to achieve haploid plant production, substituting physical culture techniques with genetic mechanism manipulation
2Adaptability or versatility
If CenH3 protein modification is used to induce uni-parental genome elimination, then haploid plants can be produced in model plants, but the method has not been effective in crop plants
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the target protein from CenH3 to Msi2, and introduces a specific loss-of-function mutation (premature stop codon at position 126) in the Msi2 protein, which has been shown to effectively induce uni-parental genome elimination in crop plants including tomato, thereby improving reliability and adaptability
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses a synthetic biology approach where a specific mutated Msi2 protein sequence (with premature stop codon) is introduced into the plant genome, creating a functional copy of the protein with desired haploid-inducing properties that can be applied across crop species
3Manufacturing precision
If extensive population screening is performed to reduce heterozygosity, then beneficial traits can be selected, but the process is laborious and costly
Solution Approach 1:
The invention performs preliminary action by inducing uni-parental genome elimination through Msi2 protein mutation to create haploid plants with homozygous genomes before the actual selection process, thereby eliminating the need for extensive subsequent screening and selfing generations
Solution Approach 2:
The invention skips the traditional multiple generations of selfing and screening by using haploid plant technology, which directly produces homozygous plants in one generation, thereby rushing through the time-consuming selection process
Data Source
AI summary
It was found that plants with loss of functional Msi2 protein due to a nucleotide polymorphism resulting in the introduction of a premature stop codon in the Msi2 protein, are able to induce haploid offspring after a cross to or with a wild type plant comprising a functional Msi2 protein. The invention relates to generation of haploid and doubled haploid plants.