Municipal Solid Waste Treatment Reactor with Microbial Decomposition
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional methods for treating municipal solid waste, such as burial and incineration, lead to environmental pollution and the need for new landfill sites, while separate collection and recycling of food waste are inefficient and require additional treatment steps.
Innovation Solution
A method and apparatus that treats municipal solid waste by inputting it into a reactor with microorganisms, separating organic and inorganic materials, and recycling inorganic materials, while minimizing waste volume through decomposition and water evaporation, allowing for simultaneous treatment of mixed waste without separate collection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of substance
If municipal solid waste is buried in landfills, then the waste is disposed of, but environmental pollution occurs and new landfill sites are required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical and chemical parameters of waste through thermal treatment (drying at elevated temperatures) and chemical decomposition processes, transforming organic waste into stable forms that do not pollute the environment when buried
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes phase transitions including evaporation of water from wet waste, thermal decomposition of organic materials, and phase changes that convert harmful components into harmless substances, thereby eliminating environmental pollution concerns
2Volume of moving object
If household waste is incinerated, then waste volume is reduced, but harmful components such as dioxin and furan are discharged causing secondary environmental pollution
Solution Approach 1:
The patent controls temperature parameters and residence time in the thermal treatment process to achieve complete decomposition of organic waste without generating harmful combustion byproducts like dioxins and furans that occur in conventional incineration
3Ease of repair
If food waste is separately collected and treated, then recycling is improved, but additional treatment steps are required and efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the treatment of organic and inorganic waste components into a single integrated thermal processing system, eliminating the need for separate collection and treatment facilities while maintaining recycling efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a multi-functional treatment system that simultaneously dries wet waste, decomposes organic materials, recovers energy, and prepares both organic and inorganic components for recycling or disposal, replacing multiple separate treatment processes
4Loss of substance
If landfill sites are used for waste burial, then waste disposal is achieved, but existing sites are saturated and new sites must be secured
Solution Approach 1:
The patent dramatically reduces waste volume through evaporation of water and thermal decomposition of organic materials, converting bulk waste into compact residues that occupy minimal space, thereby extending the capacity of existing landfill sites without requiring new locations
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach reduces the amount of waste buried in landfills, recycles materials, and minimizes environmental pollution by converting organic waste and evaporating moisture, thus addressing the inefficiencies of existing waste treatment methods.
Implementation Method 1
a first reaction step of firstly reacting the municipal solid waste with the microorganisms input to the reactor in the input step
Implementation Method 2
minimize the amount of final buried waste by reducing the volume of the waste through decomposition of organic materials, water evaporation, etc. in the treatment process
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention pertains to a method and an apparatus for treating municipal solid waste, and more particularly to a method and an apparatus for treating and recycling municipal solid waste not separately collected, and also for minimizing the amount of final waste to be buried. To this end, the present invention is characterized by comprising the steps of: an input step of inputting the municipal solid waste and microorganisms to a reactor; a first reaction step of firstly reacting the municipal solid waste with the microorganisms input to the reactor in the input step; a first separation step of transferring first intermediate matters completing the first reaction in the reactor to a first separator and then separating organic matters (it may also comprise small-sized inorganic matters passing through the screen of the first separator, also referred to as “second intermediate matters”) and inorganic matters, further comprising a recycled material recovering step of separating and recovering the recycled material by properties for recycling the inorganic matters; a second reaction step of transferring second intermediate matters passing through the first separator to a decomposing field constructed with good air circulation and then carrying out second reaction of the second intermediate matters; a second separation step of transferring third intermediate matters completing the second reaction in the decomposing field to a second separator and then separating foreign matters from the third intermediate matters; and a post-treatment step of post-treating fourth intermediate matters separated in the second separation step to make a final material.