Mucosal WT1 Peptide Vaccine Composition for Cellular Immunity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current cancer vaccines face challenges with invasive injection methods, which are painful, risky, and generate medical waste, and lack effective non-invasive alternatives for inducing cellular immunity through routes like mucosal administration.
Innovation Solution
A cancer vaccine composition for mucosal administration comprising WT1 peptides or modified WT1 peptides combined with cellular immunity induction promoters such as TLR ligands, cyclic dinucleotides, and immunomodulatory small molecule drugs, enhancing immune response and avoiding injection-related issues.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional injection methods are used to administer cancer vaccines, then reliable delivery of antigen to induce cellular immunity is achieved, but patient pain, medical waste generation, and poor compliance occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical injection system with a mucosal administration system that uses cellular immunity induction promoters (such as TLR ligands, cyclic dinucleotides, and immunomodulatory small molecule drugs) to facilitate antigen delivery and immune response induction without needles or invasive procedures
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces cellular immunity induction promoters as intermediary substances that mediate between the mucosal-administered antigen and the immune system, enabling effective antigen delivery and CTL induction through non-invasive routes by enhancing antigen presentation and immune cell activation at mucosal surfaces
2Reliability
If traditional injection methods are used to administer cancer vaccines, then cellular immunity is induced, but pain and risk of accidental infection occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the invasive mechanical injection system with a non-invasive mucosal administration system that eliminates needle-related pain and infection risks while maintaining cellular immunity induction through the use of cellular immunity induction promoters that enhance immune response at mucosal surfaces
3Reliability
If traditional injection methods are used to administer cancer vaccines, then antigen delivery is effective, but medical waste is generated
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the injection system that generates disposable needle waste with a mucosal administration system that uses reusable or non-disposable administration methods, eliminating the need for single-use sharps while maintaining effective antigen delivery through cellular immunity induction promoters
4Ease of operation
If mucosal administration is used to deliver cancer vaccine, then patient compliance and comfort are improved, but effective induction of cellular immunity is challenging
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces cellular immunity induction promoters (TLR ligands, cyclic dinucleotides, immunomodulatory small molecule drugs) as intermediary substances that bridge the gap between mucosal antigen administration and effective cellular immunity induction, enhancing antigen presentation, dendritic cell activation, and CTL response at mucosal surfaces
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the immune response parameters by using cellular immunity induction promoters that change the local immune environment at mucosal surfaces, enhancing antigen uptake, processing, and presentation while promoting Th1-type cellular immunity and CTL differentiation
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The vaccine composition effectively induces strong cellular immunity through non-invasive mucosal administration, reducing pain, medical waste, and improving compliance, while enhancing immune response compared to traditional injection methods.
Implementation Method 1
a first cellular immunity induction promoter which is a TLR ligand
Implementation Method 2
a first cellular immunity induction promoter which is a cyclic dinucleotide
Implementation Method 3
a first cellular immunity induction promoter which is an immunomodulatory small molecule drug
Implementation Method 4
the WT1 antigen peptide is bound to the MHC Class I molecule on the surface of a dendritic cell which is an antigen presenting cell, or the WT1 antigen peptide is once taken into a dendritic cell, bound to the MHC class I molecule od the dendritic cell and then, is moved to the surface of the dendritic cell, thereby, is presented as an antigen bound to the MHC class I molecule on the surface of the dendritic cell
Implementation Method 5
An activated dendritic cell having the WT1 antigen peptide/MHC class I molecule complex is moved to the regional lymph node, and activates a CD8-positive T lymphocyte which recognizes the WT1 antigen peptide/MHC class I molecule complex to differentiate and proliferate the cell into a cytotoxic T cell (CTL)
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides a cancer vaccine composition for mucosal administration for inducing cellular immunity, comprising (i) a WT1 peptide and/or a modified WT1 peptide; and (ii) a cellular immunity induction promoter. The composition efficiently induces cellular immunity against a cancer in a subject.