μ-LED Display Optics for Directional Light and Low Crosstalk

The patent introduces photonic crystals as intermediary structures between the μ-LEDs and the external environment. These photonic crystals act as mediators that manipulate light propagation, enhancing directionality and reducing fly screen effect without requiring fundamental changes to the μ-LED core structure. The photonic crystals serve as an intermediate optical layer that controls light extraction patterns.

The patent employs composite structures combining μ-LEDs with photonic crystal layers and converter materials. This composite approach integrates multiple functional materials: the μ-LEDs for light generation, photonic crystals for directional control, and converter materials for spectral adjustment. The composite structure achieves superior optical performance while managing the complexity through systematic integration.

Photonic crystals serve as intermediary structures that spatially filter and direct light from adjacent μ-LEDs. By positioning photonic crystal layers between closely spaced μ-LEDs, the system enables high display density while the photonic crystals prevent lateral light propagation that would cause crosstalk. The photonic crystals mediate the optical interaction between neighboring elements.

The patent applies photonic crystal structures with locally optimized properties at specific positions between μ-LEDs. The photonic crystal design provides directionality enhancement precisely where needed - in the regions between adjacent μ-LEDs - while maintaining normal light emission characteristics in other directions. This local quality approach addresses crosstalk specifically without compromising overall display performance.

The patent integrates converter materials that serve multiple functions simultaneously: spectral conversion for color accuracy, and optical coupling enhancement for light extraction efficiency. The same converter material layer that adjusts the emission spectrum also acts as an optical interface between the μ-LEDs and photonic crystal structures, reducing the need for separate functional layers and simplifying the overall manufacturing process.

The patent merges the spectral conversion function with the light extraction function by integrating converter materials directly into the optical path between μ-LEDs and photonic crystals. This consolidation combines multiple optical functions into a single integrated structure, reducing the number of discrete manufacturing steps while achieving both color accuracy and efficient light extraction.