Multi-amine Polyester Dispersant with Mixed Linkages
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional methods fail to effectively graft polyamine with polyester chains containing certain monomer units like lactides due to side reactions, limiting the production of dispersants with desirable optical properties and compatibility with various ink or coating formulations.
Innovation Solution
A novel dispersant polymer is created by reacting a multi-amine species with two different polyesters, one without lactide-derived units at high temperature to form amide bonds, and the other with lactide-derived units at lower temperature to form salt linkages, achieving a balanced mixture of amide and salt linkages for improved dispersibility.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If traditional methods are used to graft polyamine with polyester chains containing lactide monomer units, then side reactions occur creating undesirable products, but the desired dispersant with optimal optical properties cannot be produced
Solution Approach 1:
The polyester chain is segmented into two distinct parts: PE1 containing amide linkages formed at high temperature, and PE2 containing salt linkages formed at lower temperature. This segmentation allows each portion to be formed under optimized conditions, preventing side reactions while achieving the desired mixed linkage structure that provides both dispersibility and optical properties.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary action by first forming PE1 with amide linkages at high temperature before introducing PE2 with salt linkages at lower temperature. This sequential approach ensures that the amide bond formation is completed first, then the salt linkage formation occurs without interfering with the amide structure, thereby avoiding side reactions and achieving pure mixed linkage product.
2Adaptability or versatility
If polyamine dispersant polymers contain polyester chains with mixed salt and amide linkages, then broader solubility and improved fluidity are achieved, but traditional grafting methods fail due to side reactions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes parameter changes by conducting the first reaction at high temperature (above 100°C) to form amide linkages, then conducting the second reaction at lower temperature (below 100°C) to form salt linkages. This temperature parameter change prevents side reactions while achieving the desired mixed linkage structure that provides broader solubility and improved fluidity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses an intermediary approach by introducing PE1 as an intermediate product before finalizing with PE2. PE1 serves as a stable intermediate that can be formed reliably first, then combined with PE2 to create the final mixed linkage structure, thereby ensuring reliable production while achieving versatile solubility properties.
3Adaptability or versatility
If dispersants are designed to be compatible with different ink or coating formulations, then broader application versatility is achieved, but formulation compatibility testing becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The patent achieves universality by creating a dispersant structure with both amide and salt linkages that can adapt to different formulation types. The amide linkages provide stability and strength while the salt linkages provide flexibility and compatibility with various solvents, enabling the single dispersant structure to function effectively across multiple ink and coating formulations without requiring separate testing protocols.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The resulting dispersant effectively disperses solids in continuous media, enhancing optical properties and compatibility with diverse formulations, leading to improved color strength, reduced viscosity, and stability in coatings and inks.
Implementation Method 1
reacting the PE1 with MA at a temperature above 100° C., wherein the first polyester is attached to the multi-amine species by at least 10 mol % amide bonds to form (PE1)p-MA
Implementation Method 2
reacted with (PE1)p-MA at a temperature below 100° C. to form salt linkages between PE2 and (PE1)p-MA to form (PE1)p-MA-(PE2)q
Implementation Method 3
The composition and molecular weight of the steric stabilization chains of these dispersants are important to effectively disperse solids in continuous media
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a dispersant polymer and a dispersion containing the dispersant polymer. The dispersant polymer is derived from a polyamine species reacted with two different polyester chains, one of which includes a monomeric repeat unit derived from the polyesterification reaction of lactide, glycolide, lactic acid, or glycolic acid monomers. The technology includes preparing the dispersant polymer at lower temperature to allow the use of a broader selection of polyester repeat units.