Multi-Antenna Beamforming Training Synchronization

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current multi-antenna systems in wireless communication, particularly those operating in the 60 GHz band, face significant challenges in beamforming training time, which is prolonged due to sequential training of antennas, leading to inefficiencies and increased costs due to the need for expensive low-attenuation cables for high-frequency signal transfer.

Innovation Solution

The proposed solution involves an apparatus and method for simultaneous training of multiple antennas using detectors integrated within the RF modules, where a processing system processes information from pilot signals to synchronize and adjust RF modules, reducing the beam refinement phase time and eliminating the need for sequential training.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of time

If sequential training of antennas is used, then beamforming training can be performed with simple architecture, but beamforming training time is prolonged

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebeamforming training timeVSAvoidsystem architecture complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of timeVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges multiple antenna training operations into a single simultaneous process. Multiple antennas transmit pilot signals at the same time rather than sequentially, and the receiver combines the responses from all antennas to determine beamforming parameters. This merging of training operations directly reduces training time while managing system complexity through coordinated signal processing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs preliminary actions by having multiple antennas transmit pilot signals in advance before actual data communication begins. The system performs channel sounding and beamforming parameter estimation during this preliminary training phase, enabling the main communication to start more quickly. The processing system prepares beamforming weights and phase information ahead of time based on the pilot signal responses.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Quantity of substance

If high-frequency signal transfer is used for multi-antenna systems, then communication bandwidth is increased, but expensive low-attenuation cables are required

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovebandwidthVSAvoidcost of cables
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical/physical cable transmission system with an integrated RF module architecture where antennas and signal processing are combined in a single module. This substitution eliminates the need for separate low-attenuation cables to connect distant antenna elements, as the RF signals are processed locally within the module. The high-frequency signals are transmitted wirelessly through the antenna elements without requiring expensive cable infrastructure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Productivity

If sequential training of antennas is used, then system implementation is simpler, but productivity is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetraining efficiencyVSAvoidtraining system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines multiple antenna training operations into a single simultaneous process. Multiple antennas transmit pilot signals at the same time rather than sequentially, and the receiver combines the responses from all antennas to determine beamforming parameters. This merging of training operations directly improves productivity by reducing total training time while managing system complexity through coordinated signal processing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent ensures continuity of useful action by having multiple antennas transmit pilot signals simultaneously without interruption. The training process continues parallelly across all antenna elements rather than stopping between sequential transmissions. This continuous simultaneous operation maximizes training efficiency and throughput, improving productivity while the processing system manages the complexity of handling multiple concurrent signals.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

Data Source

PatentEP3836412A1Fast training on multi-antenna systems
Publication Date: 2021.06.16 QUALCOMM INC
  • EP3836412A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3836412A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3836412A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Certain aspects of the present disclosure relate to methods and apparatus for performing beamforming training in multi-antenna wireless devices. For example, an apparatus for wireless communication may include a first interface configured to obtain, from each of a plurality of radio frequency (RF) modules, a first information regarding detection of one or more pilot signals via at least one antenna element at a respective one of the plurality of RF modules. The apparatus may also include a processing system configured to process the first information obtained from the plurality of RF modules to generate second information to synchronize the plurality of RF modules, and a second interface configured to provide the second information to the plurality of RF modules.