Multi-Antenna Layout With Distributed Capacitive Decoupling

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Solution Overview

Problem

Miniaturization of antennas in terminal devices leads to reduced frequency range coverage and increased signal interference between multiple antennas, compromising communication efficiency.

Innovation Solution

A multi-antenna system with a third antenna that shares a radiator with either the first or second antenna, featuring a distributed capacitor in the equivalent circuit to reduce signal coupling, thereby improving communication efficiency by isolating signal interference between antennas operating on adjacent or the same frequencies.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If multiple antennas are built into a terminal to cover wider frequency range, then frequency range coverage is improved, but signal coupling between antennas increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvefrequency range coverageVSAvoidsignal coupling

Core Design Contradiction:

Adaptability or versatilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a decoupling structure as an intermediary element between adjacent antennas. This decoupling structure acts as a mediator that reduces the electromagnetic coupling between antennas while allowing them to operate in close proximity, thus enabling wider frequency range coverage without suffering from severe signal coupling effects

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs electromagnetic coupling adjustment by changing the physical parameters of the antenna system, such as the distance between antennas, the orientation of antenna elements, and the introduction of decoupling structures with specific geometries. These parameter changes optimize the coupling characteristics to reduce signal interference while maintaining compact form factor

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

2Volume of moving object

If antenna size is miniaturized to meet terminal requirements, then device compactness is improved, but frequency range coverage is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveantenna sizeVSAvoidfrequency range coverage

Core Design Contradiction:

Volume of moving objectVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the antenna system into multiple separate antenna elements that can be independently designed and optimized. Each antenna element can be miniaturized while the collective system covers a wider frequency range through the combination of multiple elements with different resonant frequencies and radiation characteristics

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements nested antenna structures where smaller antenna elements are positioned within or near larger antenna elements. This nesting approach allows multiple frequency ranges to be covered within a compact volume, as each nested element contributes to different frequency bands while sharing the same spatial envelope

Inventive Principle:

Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

3Adaptability or versatility

If multiple antennas operate on adjacent or same frequency, then frequency range coverage is improved, but communication efficiency is reduced due to signal interference

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvefrequency range coverageVSAvoidcommunication efficiency

Core Design Contradiction:

Adaptability or versatilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent converts the harmful electromagnetic coupling between adjacent frequency antennas into a beneficial effect by carefully designing the coupling characteristics. The decoupling structures are designed to create controlled coupling that improves impedance matching and bandwidth while reducing the harmful interference effects, thus converting what would be a detrimental interaction into a performance-enhancing feature

Inventive Principle:

Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The multi-antenna system effectively reduces signal coupling and enhances communication efficiency by isolating interference between antennas, allowing for a wider frequency range coverage while maintaining improved communication performance.

Implementation Method 1

An equivalent circuit of the spacing includes the distributed capacitor. The distributed capacitor can isolate signal coupling between the first antenna and the second antenna when a first resonant frequency of the first antenna and a second resonant frequency of the second antenna are within a preset frequency range.

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectCapacitance: Capacitance

Data Source

PatentUS20240170832A1Multi-antenna system and wireless communication device

Publication Date: 2024.05.23 HONOR DEVICE CO LTD

AI summary

This application discloses a multi-antenna system and a wireless communication device. The multi-antenna system includes a first antenna, a second antenna. A first extension branch is close to the second antenna, and a second extension branch is close to the first antenna. A feed of the first antenna is disposed on the first radiator, and a feed of the second antenna is disposed on a second radiator. A feed of the third antenna is disposed at the first extension branch. There is a spacing between the first extension branch and the second extension branch. An equivalent circuit of the spacing includes a distributed capacitor. The distributed capacitor is configured to isolate signal coupling between the first antenna and the second antenna when a first resonant frequency of the first antenna and a second resonant frequency of the second antenna are within a preset frequency range.