Multi-Antenna Channel Calibration via Server Coordination
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Ultra-high density networks face challenges with synchronization and channel calibration between base stations, leading to interference and low system performance, which affects spectrum utilization efficiency in multi-antenna systems.
Innovation Solution
A multi-antenna system that includes a server, a first antenna group with a representative antenna and non-representative antennas on base stations, and a reference device, performing intra-group and inter-group channel estimation to calculate precoding matrices for improved data transmission, simplifying the channel calibration process.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If base stations are densely deployed to enhance system transmission efficiency, then system transmission efficiency is improved, but base stations interfere with each other causing low system performance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a server as an intermediary that coordinates channel calibration across multiple base stations. The server collects channel estimation coefficients from all base stations, performs centralized precoding matrix calculations, and distributes calibrated parameters back to the base stations. This intermediary coordination mechanism enables dense base station deployment while managing inter-station interference through centralized resource allocation and precoding optimization.
2Strength
If joint transmission is used to increase signal strength, then signal strength is improved, but synchronization and channel calibration issues arise between base stations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the channel calibration process into two distinct phases: intra-group channel estimation (within each base station's antenna group) and inter-group channel estimation (between different base stations). Each base station independently performs intra-group estimation to obtain inner channel coefficients, then transmits these to the server for centralized inter-group calibration. This segmentation reduces synchronization complexity by allowing parallel local estimations while maintaining coordinated joint transmission through server-mediated inter-group calibration.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary intra-group channel estimation at each base station before conducting inter-group calibration. Each base station pre-calculates its inner channel estimation coefficients between representative and non-representative antennas, then transmits these coefficients to the server. This preliminary action prepares the necessary data in advance, enabling the server to efficiently perform inter-group calibration without real-time synchronization pressure during the actual joint transmission.
3Measurement precision
If traditional channel calibration is performed for multiple base stations, then channel calibration accuracy is improved, but the calibration process becomes complex and time-consuming
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the calibration process into hierarchical levels: intra-group calibration (within each base station) and inter-group calibration (across base stations). Each base station independently completes intra-group channel estimation between its representative and non-representative antennas, obtaining inner channel coefficients. This segmentation allows parallel processing at the local level while reducing the overall calibration burden, maintaining accuracy through structured multi-stage calibration.
Solution Approach 2:
Each base station performs preliminary intra-group channel estimation in advance, calculating and storing inner channel estimation coefficients before the inter-group calibration phase. This preliminary action prepares all necessary local calibration data beforehand, enabling the server to focus computational resources on the more complex inter-group calibration without being burdened by repeated local estimations, thereby reducing overall calibration time and complexity.
Solution Approach 3:
The patent uses a representative antenna at each base station to copy or represent the channel characteristics of the entire antenna group. By performing channel estimation through the representative antenna and then applying the obtained coefficients to all antennas in the group, the system avoids the need to individually calibrate each antenna, significantly reducing calibration complexity while maintaining acceptable accuracy through the representative copying approach.
Data Source
AI summary
A multi-antenna system includes: a server; a first antenna group, provided on a base station and including multiple first antennas including a first representative antenna and a first non-representative antenna, the base station performing intra-group channel estimation to obtain and transmit to the server multiple first inner channel estimation coefficients between the first representative antenna and the first non-representative antenna, and serving a user device; and a reference device, communicating with the server and the first antennas, performing channel estimation between the reference device and the first representative antenna to obtain and transmit to the server multiple first outer channel estimation coefficients between the reference device and the first representative antenna. The server calculates a precoding matrix according to the first inner and first outer channel estimation coefficients, and the base station performs data transmission with the user device according to the precoding matrix.