Multi-Antenna Substrate Layout Using Intentional Impedance Mismatch

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Solution Overview

Problem

In compact antenna devices with closely packed radio antennas, electromagnetic interference leads to performance disruptions, and existing solutions to mitigate this interference often compromise the device's compactness and simplicity.

Innovation Solution

Intentionally mismatching the radio antennas' impedance with the electronic transmission and/or reception circuit by incorporating capacitive, inductive, and resistive components in the electrical connection means, which allows for functional decoupling without adding significant complexity or bulk.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Volume of moving object

If radio antennas are placed close together in a compact structure, then device compactness is improved, but electromagnetic interference between antennas increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice compactnessVSAvoidelectromagnetic interference
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces an electromagnetic wave disturbance device with metamaterial structure as an intermediary element positioned between the two antennas. This metamaterial structure selectively disturbs electromagnetic waves in specific frequency ranges, reducing mutual coupling and interference between the closely-spaced antennas while allowing the device to maintain its compact form factor

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Object-affected harmful factors

If decoupling circuits or neutralization lines are added between antennas, then electromagnetic interference is reduced, but device complexity and bulk increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectromagnetic interferenceVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the electromagnetic parameters of the space between antennas by introducing a metamaterial structure with specific permittivity and permeability characteristics. This parameter change creates an electromagnetic environment that reduces mutual coupling without requiring additional active circuit components, thereby maintaining device simplicity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Object-affected harmful factors

If defects are created in the ground plane between antennas, then current propagation is hindered and interference is reduced, but space between antennas increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectromagnetic interferenceVSAvoidspace between antennas
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSLength of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs metamaterials with composite electromagnetic properties between the antennas. These composite materials create electromagnetic disturbance and hinder current propagation on the ground plane through their unique permittivity and permeability characteristics, achieving interference reduction without requiring physical separation or ground plane defects

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach effectively reduces electromagnetic interference between antennas, maintaining the device's compactness and simplicity while improving decoupling and intrinsic electromagnetic isolation, as demonstrated by reduced interference transmission coefficients and enhanced intrinsic insulation parameters.

Implementation Method 1

by deliberately mismatching the radio antennas by conformation, which is contrary to the teaching of the state of the art, and by re-adapting them to the electronic transmission and/or reception circuit by inserting simple capacitive, inductive and/or resistive electrical components into the electrically conductive connection means

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectImpedance mismatch: Electrical Impedance Tomography

Implementation Method 2

In patent EP 2 808 946 B1, the solution proposed is to place an electromagnetic wave disturbance device with a metamaterial structure between the two antennas

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMetamaterial structure: Negative Index Metamaterials

Data Source

PatentEP3605734B1Antenna device comprising at least two antennas and electrical connection on a same substrate
Publication Date: 2024.05.15 COMMISSARIAT A LENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES
  • EP3605734B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3
  • EP3605734B1 patent drawingFigure 4~6
  • EP3605734B1 patent drawingFigure 7A~7B

AI summary

This antenna device (10) comprises at least two radio antennas (20, 22), whose electrical connection ports (20A, 20B, 22A, 22B) are arranged on the same substrate (12), and electrically conductive means (24, 26, 28) for connecting the ports (20A, 20B, 22A, 22B) of said at least two radio antennas (20, 22) to an electronic transmitting and/or receiving circuit. Each radio antenna (20, 22) is configured to exhibit an impedance mismatch with the electronic transmitting and/or receiving circuit such that its input or output reflection coefficient is greater than a predetermined threshold value in the absence of any impedance matching.But the electrically conductive connecting means (24, 26, 28) include capacitive, inductive and/or resistive electrical components (40, 42, 46) for impedance matching with the electronic transmitting and/or receiving circuit, arranged to reduce said reflection coefficient to a value lower than the predetermined threshold value.