Multi-Antenna Random Access Preamble Transmission in 5G
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Solution Overview
Problem
In 5G wireless communication systems, there is a lack of effective solutions for devices with multiple antenna panels to efficiently initiate random access, as most systems rely on a single antenna panel for random access, limiting the efficiency and scope of random access procedures.
Innovation Solution
A method and device that allow multiple antenna panels to send individual random access preambles and monitor responses, optimizing the random access process by determining target synchronization signal blocks based on signal strength and adjusting transmission power and beam directions, while also incorporating channel detection mechanisms for unlicensed spectra.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If a single antenna panel is used for random access, then device complexity is reduced, but random access efficiency and success probability deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the random access process by allowing different antenna panels to independently send random access preambles to different transmission points. Each antenna panel operates semi-independently, dividing the overall random access task into multiple parallel sub-tasks, thereby improving random access efficiency without requiring complete coordination between all antenna panels.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent allows k antenna panels (where k is less than or equal to the total number of antenna panels) to send random access preambles, rather than requiring all antenna panels to participate. This partial action approach improves random access efficiency while avoiding the complexity of coordinating all antenna panels, achieving an optimal balance between efficiency and complexity.
2Reliability
If multiple antenna panels send random access preambles simultaneously, then random access success probability improves, but transmission power management becomes more difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by allowing different antenna panels to use different transmission powers based on their individual conditions. Each antenna panel adjusts its transmission power independently according to its signal quality, distance to the transmission point, and channel conditions, rather than using a uniform power level across all panels. This improves random access success probability while keeping power control manageable.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent dynamically adjusts transmission power parameters for different antenna panels based on channel conditions, signal strength measurements, and random access requirements. By changing power parameters adaptively rather than using fixed values, the system improves random access reliability while maintaining reasonable power control complexity.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If channel detection is performed before random access in unlicensed spectra, then interference avoidance improves, but access time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs channel detection as a preliminary action before sending random access preambles in unlicensed spectra. By detecting channel occupancy and interference conditions in advance, the system avoids transmitting into occupied channels, thereby reducing interference and collision risks. This preliminary detection step is essential for reliable operation in unlicensed bands despite the time cost.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent allows the random access process to skip or rush through certain procedures when channel conditions are favorable. If channel detection indicates clear channels, the system can proceed more quickly with random access transmissions, reducing the time penalty associated with detection. This selective skipping optimizes the balance between interference avoidance and access speed.
Data Source
AI summary
A random access method method is implemented by a first apparatus including n antenna panels, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2. In the method, the first device sends, by k antenna panels among the n antenna panels, at least one random access preamble individually to a second device, 1≤k≤n, and k being an integer. The first device monitors, with the k antenna panels, at least one Random Access Response (RAR) returned by the second device. The at least one RAR is returned by the second device in response to the at least one random access preamble sent by the k antenna panels.