Multi-AP WLAN Synchronization Using Trigger Frames

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for multi-AP communication in WLANs, particularly in Infrastructure Basic Service Set (BSS) mode, lack effective synchronization and channel access schemes for peer-to-peer traffic between stations, leading to inefficiencies in signal decoding and transmission.

Innovation Solution

A method and apparatus for multi-AP communication involving a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) that receives trigger frames from multiple access points (APs) to generate a synchronization frame, enabling synchronized data transmission from multiple APs based on these frames.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If multiple APs transmit simultaneously without synchronization, then channel access efficiency improves, but signal decoding reliability deteriorates due to timing misalignment and interference

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvechannel access efficiencyVSAvoidsignal decoding reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary synchronization actions before simultaneous data transmission. The first AP transmits a trigger frame that initiates a predetermined time duration, during which the second AP synchronizes its transmission. This preliminary timing coordination ensures that both APs transmit data frames at precisely aligned times, resolving the contradiction by establishing reliable synchronization before enabling simultaneous channel access.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Device complexity

If APs use independent channel access schemes, then device complexity is reduced, but transmission productivity deteriorates due to lack of coordination

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvechannel access scheme complexityVSAvoidtransmission productivity
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The trigger frame acts as an intermediary mechanism that coordinates channel access between multiple APs without requiring complex inter-AP communication protocols. The first AP sends the trigger frame to initiate the predetermined time duration, and the second AP responds by synchronizing its transmission within this window. This intermediary approach enables coordinated simultaneous transmission while maintaining relatively simple device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Loss of information

If trigger frames contain different information from different APs, then information completeness improves, but synchronization precision deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinformation completenessVSAvoidsynchronization precision
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of informationVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The trigger frame uses homogeneous information structure with identical predetermined time duration values from different APs. This homogeneity in the timing parameter allows receiving devices to precisely synchronize by referencing the same time value, while the trigger frame still conveys necessary transmission information. The predetermined time duration is set to a fixed value that ensures both APs align their data frame transmissions with high precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #33Homogeneity

Data Source

PatentEP3878240B1Methods and apparatus for joint multi-AP transmission in wlans
Publication Date: 2025.12.31 INTERDIGITAL PATENT HOLDINGS INC
  • EP3878240B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP3878240B1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP3878240B1 patent drawingFigure 1C

AI summary

A method of multi-access point (multi-AP) communication performed by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) comprises: receiving (1510) a first trigger frame from a first access point (AP) of a plurality of APs, the first trigger frame comprising first information; receiving (1520) a second trigger frame from a second AP of the plurality of APs at a predetermined time duration after receiving the first trigger frame, the second trigger frame also comprising the first information of the first trigger frame; generating (1530) a synchronization frame based on the first trigger frame and the second trigger frame, the synchronization frame comprising synchronization information; transmitting the synchronization frame to at least the first AP and the second AP; and receiving (1540) a data transmission based on the synchronization information from each of the first AP and the second AP.