Multi-Array Beamforming Sonar for Gap-Free Underwater Imaging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing sonar systems lack improved sonar image functionality while maintaining reasonable cost, particularly for underwater object detection and imaging.
Innovation Solution
A transducer assembly with multiple arrays of transducer elements, each oriented differently and operating at a fixed phase shift with varying frequencies to beamform sonar return beams across multiple angles, providing continuous sonar coverage and forming high-definition two-dimensional and one-dimensional sonar images.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If multiple transducer assemblies are used to provide continuous sonar coverage, then sonar image functionality and coverage are improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The transducer assembly is divided into multiple arrays (first array, second array, third array) with different orientations. Each array segment covers specific angular ranges, and together they provide continuous 360-degree sonar coverage without requiring multiple separate transducer assemblies.
Solution Approach 2:
Each transducer element is designed to perform multiple functions: transmitting sonar beams, receiving sonar returns, and operating across multiple frequency ranges. The arrays can be oriented in different configurations (X configuration, offset position) to achieve various coverage patterns, making the system universally applicable for different sonar imaging needs.
2Adaptability or versatility
If frequency steering is used to cover multiple angles, then sonar beam coverage is improved, but gaps in coverage occur
Solution Approach 1:
The second array is positioned at an offset position from the center of the X configuration, creating asymmetric coverage that specifically targets the gap regions. This asymmetric arrangement ensures that the second array's coverage ranges overlap with the gap regions of the first and third arrays, eliminating coverage gaps.
Solution Approach 2:
The system transitions from two-dimensional planar coverage to three-dimensional spatial coverage by adding the second array at an offset position. This third-dimensional arrangement allows sonar beams to cover gap regions that cannot be reached by the first and third arrays alone, achieving continuous volumetric coverage.
3Adaptability or versatility
If multiple arrays with different orientations are used, then continuous sonar coverage is achieved, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple arrays with different orientations (first array, second array, third array) are merged into a single integrated transducer assembly housing. The arrays are positioned in specific configurations (X configuration with offset) to achieve continuous coverage, combining the functionality of multiple separate assemblies into one manufacturable unit.
Solution Approach 2:
Each array is designed with specific local characteristics: the first and third arrays form an X configuration with elements oriented in one plane, while the second array is offset and oriented to cover gap regions. This local differentiation in orientation and positioning enables continuous coverage while maintaining manufacturability through standardized array designs.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables continuous sonar coverage and high-definition underwater imaging, including detailed structure and fish arch detection, without the need for additional transducer assemblies, enhancing user comprehension and accuracy.
Implementation Method 1
Sonar transducer elements convert electrical energy into sound or vibrations
Implementation Method 2
The transducer elements receive the reflected sound as sonar returns and convert the sound energy into electrical energy
Implementation Method 3
Sonar signals are transmitted into and through the water and reflected from encountered objects
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2A~2B
Figure 2C
AI summary
A system is provided for imaging an underwater environment. The system includes one or more arrays of transducer elements. Each array is operated at a fixed phase shift and varies in frequency so as to beamform multiple sonar return beams of a first range of angles and a second range of angles. The arrays can be oriented to cover the gap in sonar coverage for other arrays to create a continuous arc of sonar coverage. Accordingly, a 2D live sonar image can be formed. One or more of the multiple sonar return beams facing downwardly can be selected and used to form downward sonar images that anglers are used to, without requiring separate transducer elements. Fish arches formed using multiple sonar return beams can be positioned appropriately within a high resolution downward sonar image to form a desirable combined sonar image.