Multi-Channel Beamforming with Polarization Pairing Without Phase Alignment
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Solution Overview
Problem
In multi-channel scenarios, phase alignment is costly and complex, leading to uncertain beamforming patterns and affecting network coverage and capacity, as existing methods often fail to account for phase alignment beyond radio frequency ports, necessitating calibration loops.
Innovation Solution
A multi-channel beamforming method that determines target downlink positive and negative polarization beams using preset weight sets, ensuring orthogonality without phase alignment, by selecting beams based on DPCCH transmit power sums and energy values, and dynamically scheduling users through beam codeword reusing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If phase alignment is performed on radio frequency module, then beamforming pattern can be optimized, but phase alignment range is limited and cannot include antenna port, resulting in uncertain pattern
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from single-polarization beamforming to multi-polarization beamforming, adding a new dimension (polarization) to the beamforming process. This allows the system to form orthogonal beams in different polarization states, effectively expanding the phase alignment capability without requiring physical extension to antenna ports.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the beamforming parameters by introducing polarization-specific weight sets with different phase configurations. By adjusting phase weights for different polarizations independently, the system achieves precise beam control without needing to extend phase alignment to antenna ports.
2Manufacturing precision
If calibration loop is constructed for phase alignment on radio frequency module, then phase alignment can be performed, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses uplink beam measurements as a copy or reference for determining downlink beams. By measuring uplink beam energies and using this information to select downlink beams, the system avoids constructing complex calibration loops while achieving accurate phase alignment through the reciprocity of wireless channels.
3Productivity
If machine learning and feedback from live network is used for phase alignment, then optimal phase can be selected and capacity gain obtained, but cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables the system to self-optimize beam selection using readily available uplink measurement data without requiring external machine learning models or complex feedback mechanisms. The base station autonomously determines optimal downlink beams based on uplink beam energies, achieving capacity improvement without additional implementation costs.
4Adaptability or versatility
If multiple weight sets with different phase configurations are used, then beamforming flexibility increases, but calculation complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the beamforming process by creating separate weight sets for different polarizations. Each polarization has its own phase weight configuration, allowing independent optimization. This segmentation simplifies management by organizing complexity into distinct, manageable groups rather than handling all beams uniformly.
Data Source
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AI summary
Embodiments of this application provide a multi-channel beamforming method and apparatus, and a storage medium. The method includes: determining a target downlink positive polarization beam and a target downlink negative polarization beam based on M preset weight sets, where each weight set includes a phase weight set and an amplitude weight set, different weight sets include a same amplitude weight set, different weight sets include different phase weight sets, and both a quantity of phase weights in the phase weight set and a quantity of amplitude weights in the amplitude weight set are determined based on a quantity of a plurality of channels, where M is an even number greater than 0; and obtaining a target downlink signal based on the target downlink positive polarization beam and the target downlink negative polarization beam. According to the embodiments of this application, network coverage in a multi-channel scenario is ensured when no phase alignment is performed.