Refrigerating circuit and method for controlling the oil distribution within the same

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Solution Overview

Problem

In conventional multi-compressor refrigerating circuits, maintaining a consistent oil level across compressors is challenging, leading to potential damage from oil loss or accumulation, which reduces efficiency and requires shutting down compressors for oil redistribution, affecting operational efficiency.

Innovation Solution

A refrigerating circuit with a solenoid valve-controlled oil balance line between compressors, allowing oil flow adjustment based on pressure differences and rotational speed thresholds, ensuring balanced oil distribution without shutting down compressors.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional oil distribution methods are used in multi-compressor units, then compressors can operate independently, but oil levels become unbalanced causing compressor damage or inefficiency

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecompressor operation reliabilityVSAvoidoil distribution control complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

An oil balance line is introduced as an intermediary component connecting the oil sumps of multiple compressors. This allows oil to flow freely between compressors based on level differences, automatically balancing oil distribution without requiring complex control systems or shutdown procedures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The oil balance line connects oil sumps at substantially the same positions of height, creating an equipotential system where oil naturally flows to equalize levels across all compressors. This gravitational equilibrium eliminates the need for active control mechanisms while ensuring reliable oil distribution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #12Equipotentiality

2Reliability

If compressors are shut down to redistribute oil, then acceptable oil levels are restored, but operational efficiency significantly decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoil level controlVSAvoidmulti-compressor unit efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The oil balance line enables continuous oil redistribution while all compressors remain operational. Oil flows continuously through the balance line during normal operation, eliminating the need to shut down compressors for oil level correction and maintaining continuous productive action.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

Solution Approach 2:

The oil balance line is pre-established between compressors before operation begins. This preliminary infrastructure allows immediate oil balancing whenever level differences occur, preventing oil level issues from developing to critical points that would require shutdowns.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Reliability

If additional oil separators are added to control oil distribution, then oil levels can be maintained, but device complexity and costs increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoil level maintenanceVSAvoidsensor equipment and components
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The oil balance line creates a self-regulating system where oil automatically flows from compressors with higher oil levels to those with lower levels. This passive, self-service mechanism eliminates the need for external control devices, sensors, or additional components to monitor and adjust oil distribution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The invention extracts the essential oil balancing function from complex control systems and reduces it to a simple gravitational flow mechanism through the balance line. By removing unnecessary sensors and control components, the system achieves reliable oil level maintenance with minimal complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

4Adaptability or versatility

If compressors operate at different rotational speeds, then system flexibility increases, but oil distribution becomes more unstable

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecompressor speed variationVSAvoidoil level stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The oil balance line acts as a mediator that decouples the oil distribution stability from compressor speed variations. By providing a direct gravitational flow path between oil sumps, it ensures that oil levels remain stable and balanced regardless of changes in compressor operational speeds or loads.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution maintains acceptable oil levels across compressors, enhancing the refrigerating circuit's efficiency by preventing compressor shutdowns and eliminating the need for additional oil separators, while minimizing sensor equipment and costs.

Implementation Method 1

a pressure difference sensor is provided which senses a pressure difference between the compressors

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure difference: Pressure Gradient

Implementation Method 2

a solenoid valve allowing oil flow in either direction is arranged in the oil balance line between the first compressor and the at least one further compressor for controlling the oil distribution

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSolenoid valve actuation: Solenoid

Implementation Method 3

an oil balance line is provided between the oil sumps of the compressors, said oil balance line connecting the oil sumps of the compressors at substantially the same positions of height

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGravitational flow: Gravitation

Implementation Method 4

allowing an oil flow between the oil sumps of the compressors

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure-driven flow: Pressure Gradient

Data Source

PatentEP2417405B1Refrigerating circuit and method for controlling the oil distribution within the same
Publication Date: 2020.03.18 CARRIER CORP
  • EP2417405B1 patent drawingFigure 1

AI summary

A refrigerating circuit according to the invention comprises - in flow direction - a multi-compressor unit (4, 6, 8), a condenser/gas cooler (12), a receiver (14), at least one evaporator (18, 22, 26) having a respective expansion device (16, 20, 24) arranged before it, and conduits circulating a refrigerant containing oil therethrough, wherein the multi-compressor unit (4, 6, 8) comprises a first compressor (4) the rotational speed of which can be controlled and at least one further compressor (6, 8) running at a constant rotational speed, wherein the suction sides and the pressure sides of the compressors (4, 6, 8) are connected in parallel, wherein an oil balance line (30) is provided between the oil sumps of the compressors (4, 6, 8), said oil balance line (30) connecting the oil sumps of the compressors (4, 6, 8) at substantially the same positions of height, and wherein a solenoid valve (32) allowing oil flow in either direction is arranged in the oil balance line (30) between the first compressor (4) and the at least one further compressor (6, 8) for controlling the oil distribution between the oil sumps of the compressors (4, 6, 8) during operation of the compressors (4, 6, 8) of the multi-compressor unit (4, 6, 8).