Multi-Cyano Compound Additive for Battery Electrolyte
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current secondary battery electrolyte systems, particularly those using lithium hexafluorophosphate and cyclic or chain carbonates, face deficiencies in cycle performance and storage performance under high voltage and high temperature conditions.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a multi-cyano compound with specific structural groups into the electrolytic solution, which forms a protective film on the positive electrode material, reducing surface activity and suppressing side reactions, thereby enhancing cycling and storage performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional electrolyte system (lithium hexafluorophosphate with cyclic/chain carbonate) is used, then basic battery function is achieved, but cycle performance and storage performance deteriorate under high voltage and high temperature conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The multi-cyano compound acts as an intermediary substance that mediates between the positive electrode material and the electrolyte. It forms a protective film on the electrode surface that prevents direct harmful interactions while allowing ionic transport, thus improving reliability without compromising basic battery function.
Solution Approach 2:
The multi-cyano compound performs preliminary protective action by forming a stable film on the positive electrode surface before harmful dissolution and side reactions can occur. This pre-formed protective layer prevents transition metal dissolution and electrolyte decomposition during subsequent high voltage and high temperature operation.
2Use of energy by moving object
If high voltage operation is implemented, then energy density improves, but electrolyte decomposition and performance degradation worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the chemical parameters of the electrolyte system by introducing multi-cyano compounds with specific molecular structures containing multiple cyano groups. This parameter change enables the electrolyte to stabilize at higher voltages without decomposition, allowing high energy density operation.
3Power
If high temperature operation is implemented, then power output improves, but storage performance and cycle life deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The invention creates a composite protective interface on the positive electrode consisting of the base electrode material combined with a multi-cyano compound film. This composite structure maintains high temperature power output while protecting against thermal degradation, thus extending storage life and cycle life.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The multi-cyano compound improves the battery's cycle performance and storage performance across a wide range of operating voltages and temperatures by stabilizing the adsorption on the positive electrode material, reducing decomposition reactions, and maintaining capacity retention.
Implementation Method 1
the multi-cyano compound of the present application has strong complexation with the transition metal on the surface of the positive electrode material
Implementation Method 2
the positive electrode material has reduced surface activity and thus side reactions such as the decomposition of the electrolytic solution on the surface of the positive electrode material can be suppressed
Data Source
AI summary
The present application relates to the field of energy storage materials, and particularly, to an electrolytic solution and a battery using the electrolytic solution. The electrolytic solution of the present application contains an additive, the additive including a multi-cyano compound represented by formula (I). The multi-cyano compound of the present application has a stronger complexation with a transition metal on the surface of a positive electrode material, and therefore a protective film can be formed on the surface of the positive electrode material, and the dissolution of the transition metal is effectively suppressed; the surface activity of the positive electrode material is reduced, thereby suppressing side reactions, such as the decomposition of the electrolytic solution on the surface of the positive electrode material; and the cycle performance and storage performance of a battery under wide range of working voltage and wide range of operating temperature conditions are thus improved.