Multi-Epitope Immunogenic Compositions for Variant Coverage
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional vaccines are not universally protective against microbial infections due to antigenic drift and shift, require high doses, and pose manufacturing challenges, especially for pathogens like influenza and tuberculosis, with limited effectiveness and potential for adverse immune responses.
Innovation Solution
Development of immunogenic peptides and composite antigens containing multiple epitopes from different pathogens, including coronavirus, influenza, and Mycobacterium, with or without T cell stimulating epitopes, synthesized to induce a broad immune response, potentially administered in fewer doses and without adverse reactions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If conventional vaccines are used to protect against microbial infections, then specific pathogen protection is achieved, but universal protection is limited due to antigenic drift and shift
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple pathogen epitopes (influenza HA, coronavirus S, Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens) into a single chimeric antigen construct that can elicit immune responses against multiple different pathogens simultaneously, achieving universal protection across diverse microbial threats
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates composite antigens by fusing genetic sequences from different pathogens (influenza hemagglutinin, coronavirus spike protein, Mycobacterium tuberculosis proteins) into a single chimeric molecule that presents multiple epitopes to the immune system, enabling broad-spectrum immunity
2Reliability
If high doses of conventional vaccines are administered to ensure protection, then immune response is strengthened, but manufacturing costs and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple pathogen-specific antigens into a single chimeric vaccine construct, consolidating what would require multiple separate vaccine doses into one administration, thereby reducing manufacturing complexity and cost while maintaining or enhancing immune protection
Solution Approach 2:
By designing a multi-functional antigen that targets multiple pathogens simultaneously, the vaccine achieves broad protective immunity in a single dose, eliminating the need for multiple high-dose administrations of separate vaccines
3Reliability
If conventional vaccines are administered to immunocompromised individuals, then some protection may be achieved, but adverse immune responses remain a risk
Solution Approach 1:
The patent focuses on eliciting specific T-cell responses through carefully selected epitopes from conserved pathogen regions, targeting particular immune pathways that are more likely to function effectively in immunocompromised individuals while minimizing off-target adverse reactions
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to composite antigens comprising a peptide with contiguous amino acid sequence derived from a plurality of antigenic epitopes of one or more pathogens that induces an immune response in a mammal that is protective against infection by the one or more pathogens. In addition. The invention also relates to antibodies to composite antigens of the invention and to methods of administering vaccines comprising antigens or vaccines of antibodies for treating and/or preventing an infection.