Multi-feed Antenna Isolation via Parasitic Ground
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Solution Overview
Problem
The increasing screen-to-body ratio of electronic devices and the resulting closer proximity of antennas and metal components lead to significant coupling issues, reducing the quality of wireless communication in 5G mobile technology.
Innovation Solution
A multi-feed antenna design comprising a first and second antenna component, a metal board, and an isolation assembly, where the isolation assembly, including an inductor and capacitor, is electrically connected to the metal board to isolate signals and prevent interference between the antenna components, allowing them to operate in different frequency bands and share a parasitic ground.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Shape
If the screen-to-body ratio is increased to meet consumer appearance requirements, then the appearance quality is improved, but the distance between antennas and metal components is decreased, causing increased coupling and reduced wireless communication quality
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a parasitic ground structure as an intermediary between the antenna and the metal board. This parasitic ground acts as a mediator that redirects electromagnetic fields and reduces direct coupling between the antenna and metal components, thereby maintaining wireless communication quality while allowing closer antenna placement for higher screen-to-body ratios.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the electrical parameters of the antenna system by introducing reactive components (inductors and capacitors) that change the impedance characteristics and resonant frequencies. This allows the antenna to maintain proper matching and radiation performance despite the reduced distance to metal components, effectively managing the coupling issue through parameter optimization.
2Volume of moving object
If multiple antenna components are placed closer together to save space, then the device size is reduced, but the coupling between antenna components increases, reducing signal isolation
Solution Approach 1:
The parasitic ground structure serves as an intermediary that electrically separates the antenna components while maintaining compact physical spacing. By providing an alternative current path through the parasitic ground, the direct electromagnetic coupling between antenna components is reduced, improving signal isolation without increasing the overall antenna assembly size.
3Reliability
If the distance between antennas and metal components is increased to reduce coupling, then wireless communication quality is improved, but the available placement space is reduced, making it difficult to achieve high screen-to-body ratios
Solution Approach 1:
The parasitic ground structure acts as an intermediary that enables close antenna placement by managing the electromagnetic interaction with metal components. It redirects field lines and reduces direct coupling, allowing the antenna to be positioned closer to metal components while maintaining wireless communication quality, thereby maximizing the usable placement space for achieving high screen-to-body ratios.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design enhances signal isolation and radiation performance, achieving a wider bandwidth and miniaturization of the antenna, while maintaining effective wireless communication in the 5G frequency range, thus addressing the challenges of antenna placement and coupling in compact electronic devices.
Implementation Method 1
The isolation assembly, including an inductor and capacitor, is electrically connected to the metal board to isolate signals
Implementation Method 2
allowing them to operate in different frequency bands and share a parasitic ground
Implementation Method 3
maintaining effective wireless communication in the 5G frequency range
Data Source
AI summary
A multi-feed antenna comprises a first antenna component, a second antenna component, a metal board and an isolation assembly. The first antenna component comprises a first signal feed-in terminal and a first free end, with the first signal feed-in terminal configured for receiving a first feed-in signal. The second antenna component comprises a second signal feed-in terminal and a second free end, with the second signal feed-in terminal configured for receiving a second feed-in signal. The metal board comprises a first section, a second section and a third section between the first and second sections. The first section and the first free end define a first gap therebetween, and the second section and the second free end define a second gap therebetween. The isolation assembly is electrically connected with the third section, comprises a ground terminal, and is configured for isolating the first and second feed-in signals.