Multi-flow Turbocharger Valve for Engine Load Adaptation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Internal combustion engines face inefficiencies in operation, particularly in terms of fuel consumption and CO2 emissions, due to suboptimal exhaust gas energy utilization and nitrogen oxide emissions, which are not adequately addressed by existing technologies.
Innovation Solution
The design incorporates a multi-flow exhaust gas turbocharger system with a valve device that allows for switchable turbine operation between surge, register, and accumulation charging modes, enabling efficient exhaust gas recirculation and reduced nitrogen oxide emissions by optimizing turbine dimensions and flow cross-sections, and integrating exhaust gas recirculation into the intake tract.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If a single exhaust gas turbocharger is used, then the device complexity is reduced, but the fuel efficiency and CO2 emissions are suboptimal due to inadequate exhaust gas energy utilization across different load conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The exhaust gas turbocharger system is segmented into a first turbocharger and a second turbocharger, each with separate turbines and compressors. The first turbocharger handles exhaust gas from first cylinders, while the second turbocharger handles exhaust gas from second cylinders. This segmentation allows independent optimization of turbocharger operation for different load conditions, improving fuel efficiency and reducing CO2 emissions across the entire operating range.
Solution Approach 2:
The valve device enables dynamic switching between different operational modes (surge charging, register charging, accumulation charging) based on engine load conditions. The valve can switch between connecting and disconnecting the second exhaust gas flow to the second turbine, allowing the system to adapt optimally to varying operating conditions and maintain high energy utilization efficiency.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If exhaust gas recirculation is implemented, then nitrogen oxide emissions are reduced, but the device complexity increases due to additional recirculation lines and valve mechanisms
Solution Approach 1:
The valve device serves multiple functions: it controls the connection between exhaust gas flows and turbines, manages surge charging operations, and enables exhaust gas recirculation. By integrating these functions into a single multi-functional valve mechanism, the system achieves nitrogen oxide emission reduction through exhaust gas recirculation while minimizing the increase in device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The exhaust gas recirculation system uses the valve device as an intermediary to redirect a portion of the exhaust gas flow back to the intake tract. This intermediary mechanism allows controlled recirculation of exhaust gas to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions without requiring complex additional infrastructure, as the valve leverages existing exhaust and intake pathways.
3Adaptability or versatility
If multiple turbine flows are connected to both first and second exhaust gas flows, then the adaptability to different load conditions is improved, but the device complexity increases due to additional valve positions and control mechanisms
Solution Approach 1:
The valve device is designed with locally optimized features for different operational requirements. Different valve positions provide different connection configurations: surge charging mode connects both flows to the first turbine, register charging mode connects both flows to both turbines, and accumulation charging mode connects the second flow to the second turbine. This local optimization of valve positions provides high adaptability to different load conditions while keeping the overall valve structure manageable.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances fuel efficiency, reduces CO2 emissions, and minimizes nitrogen oxide emissions by optimizing exhaust gas recirculation and turbocharger operation, allowing for efficient operation across various load points with low fuel consumption and compact packaging.
Implementation Method 1
a first turbine (22) which is arranged in an exhaust gas tract (20) of the internal combustion engine (10), a second exhaust gas turbocharger (18) having a second turbine (24) which is also arranged in the exhaust gas tract (20)
Implementation Method 2
a first compressor (32) which is driven by the first turbine (22), a second compressor (34) which is driven by the second turbine (24)
Implementation Method 3
integrating exhaust gas recirculation into the intake tract
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to an internal combustion engine, comprising a first cylinder bank (12) and a second cylinder bank (13), and comprising an exhaust pipe (20) having a first exhaust manifold (40) and a second exhaust manifold (42), wherein the first exhaust manifold (40) with a first exhaust gas flow (44) is associated with the first cylinder bank (12) and the second exhaust manifold (42) with a second exhaust gas flow (46) is associated with the second cylinder bank (13) and comprising a first exhaust gas turbocharger (16) and at least one second exhaust gas turbocharger (18), wherein the first exhaust gas turbocharger (16) comprises a first turbine (22) disposed in the exhaust pipe (20) and the second exhaust gas turbocharger (16) comprises a second turbine (24) disposed in the exhaust pipe (20), wherein the first turbine (22) and the second turbine (24) can be driven alternately as required by at least a part of the exhaust gas from the first cylinder bank (12) and from the second cylinder bank (13) with the aid of a valve device (26) that can be switched between at least positions and is disposed upstream of the first turbine (22) and the second turbine (24), and wherein the first turbine (22) has a flow (48) through which, in a first position of the valve device (26), exhaust gas from the first exhaust gas flow (44) of the first cylinder bank (12) flows, and at least one second flow (50) through which, in the first position of the valve device (26), exhaust gas from the second exhaust gas flow (46) of the second cylinder bank (13) flows.