Multi-Fluid Nozzle for Laser Osteotomy Cooling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current laser medical devices face challenges in minimizing tissue dehydration and heat dissipation during laser cutting and drilling of hard tissues, leading to collateral damage and suboptimal precision.
Innovation Solution
A nozzle device equipped with multi-fluid nozzles around the laser exit, which moisturizes and cools the tissue contact area by dispersing a liquid and gas mixture, minimizing dehydration and heat dissipation through adjustable sprays and precise control of fluid and gas flow.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If a laser beam is applied to cut or drill hard tissue, then cutting efficiency and precision are improved, but tissue dehydration and heat dissipation increase causing collateral damage
Solution Approach 1:
A liquid mediator (saline solution or water) is introduced between the laser beam and the tissue to prevent direct harmful interaction. The liquid absorbs excess heat and prevents dehydration while allowing the laser to effectively cut the tissue, thus resolving the contradiction between cutting efficiency and tissue damage
Solution Approach 2:
A pressurized liquid delivery system using pneumatic or hydraulic principles is employed to spray the liquid mediator onto the tissue surface during laser cutting. This ensures continuous supply of cooling liquid to the laser-tissue interface, maintaining cutting efficiency while preventing heat accumulation and tissue dehydration
2Manufacturing precision
If the laser beam directly contacts the tissue, then precise cutting is achieved, but heat dissipation into the tissue structure causes melting and collateral damage
Solution Approach 1:
The liquid mediator serves as a thermal barrier between the laser beam and tissue, absorbing and carrying away excess heat while allowing the laser to maintain precise cutting. This prevents heat dissipation into the tissue structure that would cause melting and collateral damage
Solution Approach 2:
The liquid mediator undergoes phase transition from liquid to vapor at the laser-tissue interface, absorbing large amounts of heat in the process. This phase change effectively removes heat from the cutting zone, preventing temperature rise that would cause tissue melting while maintaining cutting precision
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The nozzle device effectively minimizes carbonization and collateral damage by maintaining a controlled environment at the laser-tissue interface, ensuring precise and efficient cutting or drilling with reduced tissue dehydration and heat dissipation.
Implementation Method 1
The multi-fluid nozzles are arranged around the laser exit of the bore of the body and are adapted to disperse a spray of a liquid and a gas towards a laser-tissue contact area
Implementation Method 2
The multi-fluid nozzles are adapted to disperse a spray of a liquid and a gas towards a laser-tissue contact area
Implementation Method 3
a laser beam generated by the laser medical device enters the laser entrance of the bore of the body and exits the laser exit of the bore of the body
Implementation Method 4
To guarantee an efficient and clean controlled execution of robot-guided laser cuts in hard and soft tissue it is crucial to achieve as few dehydration of the tissue around the drill or cut from the ablation as possible
Data Source
AI summary
A nozzle device (1) comprises a plurality of multi-fluid nozzles (5) and a body (2) with a bore (8). The bore (8) has a laser entrance (82) and a laser exit (81). The nozzle device (1) is adapted to be mounted to a laser medical device such that a laser beam generated by the laser medical device enters the laser entrance (82) of the bore (8) of the body (2) and exits the laser exit (81) of the bore (8) of the body (2). The body (2) houses the multi-fluid nozzles (5) and the multi-fluid nozzles (5) are arranged around the laser exit (81) of the bore (8) of the body (2). The nozzle device (1) allows to conditioning a tissue at and near where it is cut or drilled by the laser beam of the laser medical device. Thus, the nozzle device (1) is particularly suitable for a laser osteotomic device allowing to minimize collateral damages of the tissue when being cut or drilled.