Multi-jet Abrasive Head Uniform Velocity Profile
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current single-jet abrasive heads have a strongly centralized velocity profile, leading to inefficient cutting due to rapid velocity decrease towards the abrasive jet cylindrical section wall, and suffer from recirculating gas flow that damages equipment and reduces cutting efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A multi-jet abrasive head design with multiple liquid jets positioned symmetrically around the tool axis, creating a more uniform flat velocity profile and eliminating recirculating gas flow through clean gas infeeds, ensuring all abrasive particles are efficiently accelerated beyond 150m/s, thereby increasing cutting power.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a single liquid jet is used in the abrasive head, then the structure is simple, but the velocity profile becomes strongly centralized with rapid velocity decrease towards the wall, reducing cutting efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The single liquid jet is divided into multiple liquid jets (at least two) that are positioned symmetrically around the tool axis. Each jet creates its own high-speed liquid beam that passes through the mixing chamber, resulting in a multi-peaked velocity profile that maintains high velocities across a broader cross-sectional area, thereby improving cutting efficiency while distributing the structural complexity across multiple identical components
2Speed
If the liquid beam passes through the center of the abrasive jet cylindrical section, then the velocity of central abrasive particles is very high (700 m/s or more), but the velocity of particles near the wall is significantly lower (150 m/s or lower), creating an inefficient velocity distribution
Solution Approach 1:
The flow configuration transitions from a single central symmetric jet to multiple asymmetrically positioned jets around the tool axis. This creates a velocity profile with multiple peaks distributed across the cross-section rather than a single central peak, ensuring that abrasive particles throughout the entire cross-section (including those near the wall) are accelerated to high velocities, thereby improving overall cutting efficiency
3Speed
If recirculating gas flow is allowed to follow the liquid beam, then the gas can be accelerated, but the recirculating flow carries abrasive particles up to the liquid jet, causing damage to equipment and reducing cutting efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The recirculating gas flow is extracted and removed from the system by introducing clean gas infeeds at strategic positions. This prevents the recirculating flow from carrying abrasive particles back to the liquid jet and mixing chamber, eliminating the harmful effect of equipment damage while maintaining the beneficial gas acceleration through the forward-flowing clean gas
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The multi-jet design achieves a significantly more uniform velocity profile, tripling cutting power and extending tool lifetime by ensuring all abrasive particles are efficiently accelerated, reducing damage and maintaining cutting efficiency across the abrasive jet cross-section.
Implementation Method 1
The liquid jet is designed to convert pressure energy into kinetic energy, thus creating the above-mentioned high-speed liquid beam
Implementation Method 2
The gas and abrasive particles are accelerated here by the high-speed liquid beam motion
Data Source
Figure 1A~1B
Figure 2A~2B
Figure 3A~3B
AI summary
Multi-jet abrasive head for cleaning/removing material surfaces and splitting/cutting materials by a liquid beam (21) enriched with solid abrasive particles (94) with a uniform velocity and density profile allowing the cutting power to be increased with more efficient cutting beam usage.