Multi-Layer Water Flow Heating System for Off-Grid Natural Circulation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional heating systems, particularly in off-grid settings, face inefficiencies and reliability issues due to reliance on circulation pumps and high-pressure systems, which are costly and fail during power outages, limiting their ability to maintain effective heating in multi-storey buildings without electricity or gas supply.

Innovation Solution

A heating system utilizing multi-layered water flows for natural circulation, where hot water flows at the top and colder water at the bottom, leveraging physical resistance to create an automatic and efficient heating process without mechanical pumps, allowing for off-grid operation and reduced energy consumption.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If circulation pumps are used to maintain water flow in heating systems, then heating efficiency is improved, but system complexity and energy consumption increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheating efficiencyVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes the circulation pump from the heating system entirely, extracting the mechanical driving component and replacing it with a natural circulation mechanism based on density differences between hot and cold water layers. This eliminates the need for external power sources and mechanical complexity while maintaining heating functionality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The heating system utilizes its own thermal energy to drive water circulation through natural convection. Hot water rises and cold water sinks, creating a self-sustaining circulation pattern without external mechanical intervention. The system serves itself by using the temperature differential it creates to maintain its own operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Productivity

If circulation pumps are used to maintain water flow, then heating performance is improved, but reliability during power outages deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheating performanceVSAvoidreliability during power outages
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

By removing the electric circulation pump from the system, the patent eliminates the single point of failure associated with power-dependent components. The heating system becomes inherently reliable during power outages because it operates on passive thermal convection rather than active mechanical pumping.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the mechanical pump-driven circulation system with a thermal convection-based system. This substitution eliminates dependence on electrical power and mechanical components, relying instead on fundamental thermal physics to maintain water circulation and heating performance during power outages.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Speed

If high-pressure water systems are used, then water flow control is improved, but energy consumption and operational costs increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewater flow controlVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSUse of energy by stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces high-pressure mechanical water delivery systems with low-pressure natural convection circulation. Water flow is controlled not by mechanical pressure but by density-driven thermal convection, eliminating the need for high-energy pumping while maintaining adequate water circulation for effective heat distribution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the operating parameters from high-pressure mechanical flow to low-pressure thermal convection. By utilizing temperature-induced density changes rather than mechanical pressure, the system achieves water circulation with minimal energy input, significantly reducing operational costs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Use of energy by stationary object

If natural circulation with multi-layer water flows is used, then energy consumption is reduced, but circulation control precision deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy consumptionVSAvoidcirculation control precision
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by stationary objectVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The system uses the natural thermal convection process to self-regulate water circulation. The density differences between hot and cold water layers automatically control flow rates and distribution patterns without external intervention, achieving both energy efficiency and adequate circulation control through passive physical mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enhances heating efficiency by eliminating the need for circulation pumps, reduces energy costs, and ensures continuous heating during power outages, making it suitable for large areas and diverse building configurations.

Implementation Method 1

the system works on the basis of what is called 'natural circulation'. However, circulation occurs due to the difference in flow between flows in a pipe

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectNatural circulation: Free Convection

Implementation Method 2

circulation occurs due to the difference in flow between flows in a pipe. This creates two main flows in the line: the flow (upper hot, high-speed flow) and the return (lower, colder slow flow)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDensity difference: Density Gradient

Implementation Method 3

The heating system is particularly useful in both non-gas and gas-heated homes because it can operate in an off-grid (energy-independent) mode. After the heated water has left the boiler, it now increases the energy by itself.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal energy transfer: Convection

Data Source

PatentEP3133351B1Heating system with energy-independent mode using multiple-layer streams of water
Publication Date: 2021.05.05 PRUSOV PETR ANATOLYEVICH
  • EP3133351B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP3133351B1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP3133351B1 patent drawingFigure 2A

AI summary

The heating system in two-, three- or four-storey design with the possibility of connecting underfloor heating, with a mains-independent mode of operation, using multi-layer water flows to perform circulation, refers to the use of heat energy for heating buildings using an independent boiler. Based on the heating planning, additional energy can be obtained in addition to the output of the boiler, which ensures circulation in the heating system. This energy helps to convey the liquid heating medium simultaneously to the ground floor, first floor and second floor for heating the basement, and a return distribution is used for circulation in the underfloor heating. This means that hotter water enters the boiler, so there is less effort involved in reheating it. This results in a high level of efficiency. The pipes can be concealed into the walls and floors. There are numerous connection options for the underfloor heating. The capacities of "multi-layered water currents" are used. With the new heating system, everything is in one pipe: flow and return. Therefore, a two-fold reduction in material costs is achieved. The circulating water content is automatically changed in the heating system.