Multi-Level Encoding for Battery Management System Data Transmission
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Solution Overview
Problem
The growing volume of data in electric vehicle battery management systems requires reliable and high-speed data transmission between battery cell controllers, which existing systems struggle to accommodate effectively.
Innovation Solution
A battery management system employing a multi-level encoding technique with galvanically isolated transmission lines, using transformer isolation circuits and adaptive multi-level transceivers to modulate data streams over multiple discrete signal levels, ensuring DC balance and efficient data communication.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If multi-level encoding technique is implemented to increase data transmission speed, then data communication speed is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by transitioning from traditional binary encoding (2 signal levels) to multi-level encoding with at least three discrete signal levels. This fundamental parameter change in the encoding scheme enables higher data transmission speeds by transmitting multiple bits per symbol, directly resolving the contradiction between communication speed and maintaining manageable device complexity through systematic design
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces another dimension by adding multiple signal levels beyond the traditional binary two-level system. By modulating the serial data stream over at least three discrete signal levels and organizing data into symbols with multiple chips per symbol, the system expands the encoding dimensionality to achieve higher speeds while managing complexity through structured organization
2Reliability
If galvanically isolated transmission lines are used to ensure transmission reliability, then data transmission reliability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs galvanically isolated transmission lines with transformer isolation circuits as intermediary elements between the battery cell controllers. These isolation circuits act as mediators that ensure reliable data transmission by preventing ground loops and electrical interference while maintaining galvanic isolation, thus improving reliability without requiring direct electrical connection between controllers
Solution Approach 2:
The transmission system is segmented into isolated sections with transformer isolation circuits at each end. This segmentation allows each section to operate independently with its own ground reference, improving reliability by preventing propagation of electrical disturbances while managing complexity through modular isolation units
3Reliability
If DC balanced line code is implemented in each symbol to prevent transformer saturation, then transmission reliability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements preliminary action by encoding DC-balanced line codes into each symbol before transmission. This preliminary encoding ensures that each symbol contains an equal number of positive and negative transitions, preventing transformer saturation and maintaining transmission reliability without requiring complex real-time adjustment mechanisms during operation
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enhances data communication speed and reliability by increasing the number of signal encoding levels and chip transmissions, supporting the growing data demands between electronic components in electric and hybrid vehicles.
Implementation Method 1
a galvanically isolated transmission line providing a point-to-point signal transmission path between the first battery cell controller and the second battery cell controller
Data Source
AI summary
A battery management system comprises a first battery cell controller; a second battery cell controller, the first battery cell controller and the second battery cell controller each monitoring a plurality of battery cells; and a galvanically isolated transmission line providing a point-to-point signal transmission path between the first battery cell controller and the second battery cell controller. At least one of the first battery cell controller or the second battery cell controller includes at least one encoding/decoding circuit for encoding data for transmission as a serial data stream along the signal transmission path in compliance with a multi-level encoding technique, including modulating the serial data stream over at least three discrete signal levels at a predetermined and fixed data pulse frequency, encoding a plurality of data nibbles of the serial data stream into a data packet, the data packet including a plurality of symbols constructed and arranged with at least four consecutive chips per symbol, wherein the at least four consecutive chips per symbol of the data packet includes a DC balanced line code in each of the symbols.