Multi-Level I/O Circuit With Safe High-Voltage Level Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing input/output circuits face reliability issues and increased power consumption when designed for higher signal levels are used with lower signal levels, and they require additional physical space and cost due to separate circuitry for different signal levels.
Innovation Solution
A level detector with an input circuit and latch circuit that can accommodate multiple signal levels, using transistors with reliability levels less than the higher signal level, and a pass gate to prevent terminal-to-terminal signal levels from exceeding reliability limits, allowing for automatic configuration between low and high signal levels.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If separate input/output circuits are provided for different signal levels, then reliability for each signal level is improved, but device complexity and area increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a universal input/output circuit that can operate with multiple signal levels (1.8V, 2.6V, 3.0V) through a single circuit design. The circuit automatically detects the signal level and configures itself accordingly, eliminating the need for separate circuits for each voltage level while maintaining reliability across all standards
Solution Approach 2:
The circuit employs dynamic configuration capabilities where electronic components can be selectively enabled or disabled based on the detected signal level. This allows the same physical circuit to adapt its operational characteristics in real-time, switching between different operating modes to match the connected peripheral's voltage requirements
2Adaptability or versatility
If circuitry designed for higher signal levels is used with lower signal levels, then adaptability is improved, but power consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The circuit dynamically adjusts its operational state based on the detected signal level. When operating with lower signal levels (e.g., 1.8V), the circuit disables higher-voltage components and operates only the necessary low-voltage portion, thereby maintaining adaptability while minimizing power consumption by avoiding unnecessary energy dissipation in high-voltage circuitry
3Area of stationary object
If electronic components designed for lower signal levels are operated with higher signal levels, then device area is reduced, but reliability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The circuit is segmented into multiple voltage domains with isolated electronic components designed for specific voltage ranges. When a high signal level is detected, only the components rated for that voltage are activated, while low-voltage components remain disabled. This segmentation allows the use of smaller, lower-voltage components without compromising reliability, as each component operates within its safe voltage limits
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces level detection and control circuitry that acts as an intermediary between the input signal and the electronic components. This intermediary detects the signal level and selectively enables appropriate components, preventing high-voltage signals from directly exposing low-voltage components to damaging electric fields while still allowing the physical layout to be optimized for lower voltage operation
4Reliability
If multiple separate input/output circuits are provided for different signal levels, then reliability is improved, but manufacturing cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a universal input/output circuit that can operate with multiple signal levels (1.8V, 2.6V, 3.0V) through a single circuit design. The circuit automatically detects the signal level and configures itself accordingly, eliminating the need for separate circuits for each voltage level while maintaining reliability across all standards
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges multiple signal level handling capabilities into a single integrated circuit. By combining the functionality of what would otherwise require separate 1.8V, 2.6V, and 3.0V circuits into one unified design with selective component activation, the patent reduces component count, simplifies manufacturing, and lowers overall cost while maintaining the reliability benefits of dedicated circuitry for each voltage level
Data Source
AI summary
A level detector has an input circuit adapted to accept signals of multiple signal levels for detecting a specific level. The signal levels include a first signal level and a larger second signal level. Electronic components of the input circuit have reliability levels less than the second signal level. A latch circuit is coupled to the input circuit for latching a signal consistent with a detected level of an accepted signal.