Multi-Load Drive Circuit for Relay Power Optimization
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Solution Overview
Problem
There is a need to further reduce power consumption in driving relays, particularly in applications with multiple relays, as existing relay controllers consume significant power due to the requirement of different current levels for actuation and maintenance of the relay state.
Innovation Solution
A circuit arrangement with a series connection of loads and drive units, where each drive unit can assume a high-ohmic or low-ohmic state to control the load current, and a current source circuit that adjusts the load current to a higher level for activation and a lower level for maintenance, optimizing power usage by minimizing current flow through inactive relays.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a relay controller drives multiple relays with individual current control, then each relay can be actuated and maintained independently, but power consumption increases due to separate current paths for each relay
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple relay control functions into a single series circuit where multiple relays share a common current path. The controller drives all relays through one current source, eliminating the need for separate current paths for each relay. This combining approach maintains reliable actuation of individual relays while significantly reducing overall power consumption, as the same current flows through all relays in sequence rather than requiring parallel current paths.
2Reliability
If pull-in current is maintained continuously through the coil, then the relay remains actuated, but power consumption increases unnecessarily
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic current control where the controller adjusts the current level based on the operational state of the relay. During actuation, the controller supplies high pull-in current to establish the magnetic field and switch the mechanical contact. After actuation, the controller automatically reduces the current to a lower hold level that maintains the relay in the actuated state without requiring continuous high current. This dynamic adjustment eliminates unnecessary power consumption while ensuring reliable relay operation.
3Adaptability or versatility
If multiple relays are connected in parallel with individual drive circuits, then each relay can be controlled independently, but device complexity and power consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple relay control functions into a single integrated drive circuit that operates through a series connection topology. Instead of using separate parallel circuits for each relay, the controller implements a unified current path that sequentially drives multiple relays. The controller maintains the ability to independently actuate and maintain individual relays by controlling the timing and duration of current flow through the series circuit, thereby reducing device complexity while preserving individual relay control capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution significantly reduces overall power consumption by maintaining a constant or varied load current based on relay states, lowering power usage when multiple relays are activated, and ensuring efficient operation by activating relays only when necessary.
Implementation Method 1
This current through the coil causes a magnetic field which, in turn, causes the mechanical switch to change its switching state
Implementation Method 2
a current lower than the pull-in current is required to keep the relay in the actuated state
Data Source
AI summary
A circuit arrangement includes a first number of loads connected in series. Each of a second number of drive units is coupled to at least one of the first number of loads, and is configured to assume a first operation state or a second operation state. A current source circuit is coupled in series with the first number of loads and is configured to control a load current.