Multi Lumen Catheter Anticoagulant Infusion for Continuous Blood Sampling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for continuous monitoring of labile blood constituents, such as glucose and hormones, face challenges due to clogging issues in catheters and the physiological impact of frequent sampling, especially in animals like dogs and pigs where blood clots quickly.
Innovation Solution
A multi-lumen catheter design with a first lumen for blood sampling, a second lumen for anticoagulant infusion to prevent clotting, and a third lumen for returning unused blood, ensuring minimal disruption and continuous sampling with optimized flow conditions and small diameters to reduce tissue damage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If a catheter is inserted permanently into the vessel for continuous sampling, then continuous monitoring of labile blood constituents is enabled, but clogging of the lumen and opening of the catheter occur
Solution Approach 1:
The catheter is divided into multiple separate lumens: a first lumen for blood sampling, a second lumen for anticoagulant infusion, and a third lumen for blood return. This segmentation allows each lumen to serve its specific function independently, preventing clogging in the sampling lumen while maintaining continuous access.
Solution Approach 2:
An anticoagulant solution is introduced as an intermediary substance through the second lumen. This intermediary fluid prevents blood clotting in the sampling lumen by creating a protective barrier, enabling continuous sampling without clogging while maintaining catheter integrity.
2Measurement precision
If frequent manual blood samples are taken to monitor labile constituents, then accurate monitoring is achieved, but physiological impact on the subject increases
Solution Approach 1:
The catheter enables continuous blood sampling through automated systems that can draw small volumes at regular intervals without interruption. This continuous action maintains accurate monitoring of labile constituents while minimizing total blood loss compared to repeated manual sampling.
Solution Approach 2:
The third lumen is used to return unused blood to the vessel, recovering blood that would otherwise be discarded. This recovery mechanism reduces the net blood loss and physiological impact while maintaining the ability to draw sufficient samples for accurate monitoring.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If small diameter catheters are used to minimize tissue damage, then tissue damage is reduced, but blood clots quickly in the catheter
Solution Approach 1:
The anticoagulant solution served as a protective intermediary that coats the inner surface of the small diameter catheter and prevents blood clotting. This allows the use of small diameter catheters for minimal tissue damage while maintaining reliable blood flow through the catheter.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses fluid dynamics principles by introducing anticoagulant solution through the second lumen to create a protective fluid barrier around the first lumen. This hydraulic approach prevents clot formation in the small diameter sampling lumen while maintaining minimal invasive characteristics.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables continuous or periodic sampling of small blood volumes with minimal physiological impact, preventing clotting and allowing for accurate representation of circulating blood without systemic anticoagulants, using a catheter with small diameters and controlled anticoagulant infusion.
Implementation Method 1
the first fluid which enters the first lumen through the first distal opening has passed across the second distal opening such that the first fluid which enters the first lumen comprise at least a part of the second fluid
Data Source
AI summary
A multi lumen catheter comprising a proximal end and distal end said catheter further comprising; a first lumen for a first fluid said first lumen having a first proximal opening and a first distal opening for receiving a fluid, second lumen for a second fluid said second lumen having a second proximal opening and a second distal opening for delivering a second fluid, a third lumen having a third proximal opening and a third distal opening, wherein the first distal opening is arranged with respect to the second distal opening so that when in use at least part of the first fluid which enters the first lumen through the first distal opening has passed across the second distal opening such that the first fluid which enters the first lumen comprise at least a part of the second fluid.