Portable Ventilator With Multi-Lumen Direct Oxygen Delivery
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing portable ventilators are limited in delivering high fractions of inspired oxygen (FIO2) when using unmodified pulse oxygen concentrators due to low pressure and flow, leading to leaks and reduced oxygen delivery efficacy.
Innovation Solution
A medical ventilator system with a negative pressure triggering mechanism that bypasses leaks in the patient circuit, using multi-lumen tubes to deliver oxygen pulses directly to the nasal pillows interface, independent of the concentrator type.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a portable ventilator uses low pressure and flow settings to work with unmodified pulse oxygen concentrators, then the device can be used portably with standard concentrators, but the fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) delivered to the patient is reduced due to leaks in the patient circuit
Solution Approach 1:
The patient circuit is divided into separate lumens: one lumen delivers oxygen directly from the concentrator to the patient interface, while another lumen delivers ventilator airflow. This segmentation prevents mixing and leakage of oxygen through the patient circuit, ensuring high FIO2 delivery while maintaining compatibility with standard concentrators
Solution Approach 2:
A special patient interface with integrated oxygen delivery pathways acts as an intermediary between the concentrator and patient. The interface includes direct oxygen entry points and separate airflow pathways that prevent leaks, allowing the ventilator to deliver high FIO2 without requiring modifications to the concentrator
2Ease of operation
If the ventilator mixes oxygen with air in the ventilator or patient circuit before delivery, then the oxygen can be delivered through standard circuits, but the FIO2 is reduced and oxygen is wasted due to leaks at the patient interface
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses separate delivery pathways: one pathway delivers oxygen directly to the patient interface without mixing, while another pathway delivers ventilator airflow. This prevents oxygen from mixing with air in the circuit and eliminates waste from leaks, maintaining high FIO2 while using standard circuit connections
Solution Approach 2:
Oxygen is delivered directly to the patient interface before the ventilator airflow reaches the patient. This preliminary delivery ensures that oxygen is positioned at the point of use without mixing or leakage, maximizing FIO2 efficiency
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables higher FIO2 delivery to patients, allowing extended portable use without mixing oxygen with air until delivery, thus overcoming limitations of low-pressure ventilators and unmodified concentrators.
Implementation Method 1
A negative pressure source generates negative pressure that triggers a pulse flow from the oxygen concentrator
Implementation Method 2
portable oxygen concentrators
Data Source
AI summary
A portable medical ventilator using pulse flow from an oxygen concentrator to gain higher oxygen concentration includes a positive pressure source to deliver pressurized air to the patient and a negative pressure source to trigger the oxygen concentrator. A patient circuit attached to a patient interface mask connects the ventilator to the patient. The ventilator includes a controller module that is configured to generate a signal to the negative pressure device to trigger the concentrator to initiate one or more pulses of oxygen from the oxygen concentrator. The oxygen pulses are delivered to the patient interface directly through multi-tube or a multi lumen patient circuit. The oxygen does not mix with air in the ventilator or in the patient circuit and bypasses the leaks in the patient circuit and/or patient interface.