Multi-mode Texture Sampler for Flexible Filtering

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current graphics rendering systems face inefficiencies in texture filtering, particularly in 3D graphics applications, due to the inefficiency of fixed-function logic and the increased power consumption and cache usage issues associated with shader-based filtering, which is disadvantageous for mobile devices.

Innovation Solution

A multi-mode texture sampler is introduced, capable of flexible filtering operations, which includes a programmable filter footprint and supports both separable and non-separable filter modes, allowing for a wide variety of filter shapes and sizes, reducing power consumption and improving cache efficiency by processing and reducing texture data within the texture sampler rather than the execution unit.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If shader-based filtering is used to increase programmability, then filtering flexibility is improved, but power consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefiltering flexibilityVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The texture sampler is divided into distinct functional units: a fixed-function filtering unit for standard filtering operations and a programmable shader unit for custom filtering needs. This segmentation allows the system to use the low-power fixed-function unit for common cases while reserving the high-power shader unit only when programmability is required, thus resolving the contradiction between filtering flexibility and power consumption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The texture sampler dynamically switches between fixed-function filtering and shader-based filtering modes based on the specific filtering requirements. For standard filtering operations, the fixed-function unit is activated; for custom filtering needs, the shader unit is engaged. This dynamic approach ensures that power consumption is optimized while maintaining the ability to provide programmability when needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Adaptability or versatility

If shader-based filtering is used to increase programmability, then filtering flexibility is improved, but cache usage efficiency deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefiltering flexibilityVSAvoidcache usage efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The texture sampler separates cache access patterns into two categories: regular access patterns handled by the fixed-function unit that can efficiently utilize cache, and irregular access patterns requiring shader-based handling. This segmentation preserves cache efficiency for the majority of operations while still providing programmability for specialized cases.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The fixed-function filtering unit acts as an intermediary that handles the majority of texture filtering operations with optimized cache access patterns. Only when custom filtering is required does the system bypass this intermediary and use the shader unit directly, thus maintaining overall cache efficiency while providing filtering flexibility when needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Use of energy by moving object

If fixed-function logic is used for texture filtering, then power consumption is reduced, but filtering flexibility deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower consumptionVSAvoidfiltering flexibility
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The texture sampler merges two previously separate systems into a unified architecture: the fixed-function filtering unit and the programmable shader unit are combined within the same texture sampler component. This merging allows the system to leverage the power efficiency of fixed-function logic for standard operations while integrating shader-based programmability for custom filtering needs, thus resolving the contradiction between power consumption and filtering flexibility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The texture sampler is designed as a multi-functional unit that can perform both fixed-function filtering and shader-based filtering. This universality allows the same hardware component to adapt to different filtering requirements, providing power efficiency for common operations while maintaining flexibility for specialized cases without requiring separate dedicated hardware for each function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

4Device complexity

If fixed-function logic is used for texture filtering, then device complexity is reduced, but filtering versatility deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesampler complexityVSAvoidfiltering versatility
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The texture sampler combines fixed-function filtering logic and programmable shader logic into a single integrated unit. This merging allows the system to maintain relatively simple device architecture while providing enhanced filtering versatility, as both fixed-function and shader-based filtering capabilities are available within the same sampler component without requiring separate complex subsystems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The texture sampler is designed as a universal component that can perform multiple filtering functions through a unified architecture. By integrating both fixed-function and programmable capabilities within the same sampler, the system achieves filtering versatility without proportionally increasing device complexity, as the multi-functional design shares common infrastructure and control mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Data Source

PatentUS10546413B2Multi mode texture sampler for flexible filtering of graphical texture data
Publication Date: 2020.01.28 INTEL CORP
  • US10546413B2 patent drawing
  • US10546413B2 patent drawing
  • US10546413B2 patent drawing

AI summary

For a given texture address, a texture sampler fetches and reduces texture data with a filter accumulator suitable for providing a weighted average over a variety of filter footprints. A multi-mode texture sampler is configurable to provide both a wide variety of footprints in either a separable or non-separable filter modes and allow for a filter footprint significantly wider than the bi-linear (2×2 texel) footprint. In embodiments, sub-sample addresses are generated by the texture sampler logic to accommodate a desired footprint. The sub-sample addresses may be generated and sequenced by multi-texel units, such as 2×2 texel quads, for efficient filtering. In embodiments, filter coefficients are cached from coefficient tables stored in memory.