Multi-model Blood Pressure Estimation via Arterial Sensors
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional blood pressure measurement devices are invasive, non-portable, and introduce errors due to physiological and psychological changes in patients, limiting their accuracy and usability for continuous, ambulatory monitoring.
Innovation Solution
A method and device that estimate blood pressure using multiple models, including self-calibrating and non-self-calibrating models, based on arterial measurements at different elevations, allowing for continuous monitoring without external reference devices and counter pressures, and updating calibration parameters in real-time.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional sphygmomanometers are used for blood pressure measurement, then measurement can be obtained, but the device affects physiological state and introduces measurement errors
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical inflatable cuff system with optical sensors that detect arterial wall movements. Instead of applying external mechanical pressure to restrict arterial flow, the system uses photodetectors to monitor changes in light absorption caused by arterial pulsations, thereby eliminating the harmful physiological effects of cuff inflation while maintaining measurement capability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces light as an intermediary between the sensor and the arterial system. By measuring light absorption changes at different wavelengths, the system indirectly detects arterial wall movements and blood flow characteristics without direct mechanical contact, thus avoiding physiological disruption while obtaining accurate blood pressure data
2Measurement precision
If traditional sphygmomanometers are used, then blood pressure can be measured, but the device is not portable and restricts ambulatory movement
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the bulky mechanical components (inflatable cuff, pressure gauge, manual pump) with miniaturized electronic sensors and processing circuitry. The optical sensors and associated electronics can be integrated into a compact wearable form factor that does not restrict movement, enabling continuous ambulatory monitoring while maintaining measurement accuracy
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a multi-functional device that can continuously monitor blood pressure, heart rate, and other cardiovascular parameters simultaneously. The same optical sensor system serves multiple measurement purposes, eliminating the need for separate specialized devices and enhancing portability while providing comprehensive health monitoring
3Measurement precision
If traditional sphygmomanometers are used, then measurement can be obtained, but the device is not suitable for continuous monitoring over time
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables continuous blood pressure monitoring by using optical sensors that can operate uninterrupted without requiring periodic cuff inflation. The system continuously detects arterial wall movements and processes the signals to generate ongoing blood pressure readings, providing uninterrupted temporal coverage of cardiovascular status
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements self-calibration capabilities where the device uses its own measurements and environmental sensors to automatically adjust and maintain measurement accuracy over time. The system performs self-diagnosis and recalibration without external intervention, ensuring sustained measurement precision during extended continuous monitoring periods
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables accurate, continuous, and non-invasive blood pressure monitoring over extended periods, providing a reliable estimation of blood pressure regardless of patient activity or state, with minimal power consumption and small form factor for wearable devices.
Implementation Method 1
determining one or more calibration parameters for a first blood pressure model based on the arterial measurements and a hydrostatic pressure difference between at least two of the two or more elevations
Data Source
AI summary
One aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in a device capable of use in estimating blood pressure. The device includes one or more arterial sensors configured to obtain arterial measurements at two or more elevations. The device additionally includes one or more processors configured to determine one or more calibration parameters for a first blood pressure model based on the arterial measurements and a hydrostatic pressure difference between at least two of the elevations. The processors also are configured to determine a first blood pressure based on the first blood pressure model, the calibration parameters and the arterial measurements. The processors also are configured to determine a second blood pressure based in part on a second blood pressure model, one or more calibration parameters and the arterial measurements. The processors are further configured to provide a final blood pressure based on the first and second blood pressures.