Multi-Orbit Satellite Network Architecture for Low Latency Global Coverage
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current terrestrial and satellite communication systems face challenges in providing high-speed and high-quality packet data services, especially with the increasing demand for ubiquitous global coverage and high mobility, which leads to strain on network resources due to high latency and inefficient infrastructure.
Innovation Solution
The development of multi-satellite mobile satellite communication systems that utilize geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO), medium Earth orbit (MEO), and low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites to efficiently transmit IP packets and Layer 2 frames, enabling direct user terminal to user terminal and gateway to gateway communication, with advanced modulation techniques, frequency reuse, and handover mechanisms to maintain high performance and capacity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If satellite communication systems are used to provide ubiquitous global coverage, then coverage area is improved, but latency increases and network resource efficiency deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the satellite communication system into multiple orbit layers (GEO, MEO, LEO) with specialized functions. LEO satellites provide low-latency direct coverage, MEO satellites provide intermediate services, and GEO satellites provide broad coverage and gateway functions. This segmentation allows the system to achieve ubiquitous coverage while minimizing latency through intelligent routing that prefers LEO/MEO paths when available.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces terrestrial base stations and gateway networks as intermediary elements that bridge satellite and terrestrial networks. These intermediaries enable efficient handoff and routing, allowing traffic to be directed through optimal paths (satellite-only, satellite-terrestrial hybrid, or terrestrial-only) to reduce latency while maintaining global coverage capability.
2Area of stationary object
If traditional satellite communication architecture is used, then global coverage is achieved, but network resource efficiency deteriorates due to high latency
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic routing and resource allocation mechanisms that adapt to real-time network conditions, user mobility, and service requirements. The system dynamically selects between satellite and terrestrial paths, adjusts modulation and coding schemes, and manages handovers based on current latency and resource availability, thereby optimizing network resource efficiency while maintaining global coverage.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes key system parameters including orbit selection (GEO/MEO/LEO), transmission frequency, modulation schemes, and routing paths based on service requirements and network conditions. These parameter changes enable the system to optimize resource efficiency for different applications (e.g., using LEO for low-latency services, GEO for broadcast services) while maintaining comprehensive coverage.
3Speed
If high-speed packet data services are provided, then user experience is improved, but network resource strain increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a universal communication infrastructure that can simultaneously provide high-speed packet data services, voice services, video services, and broadcast services through the same satellite and terrestrial network resources. The system universally supports multiple service types with differentiated QoS, allowing efficient resource utilization across diverse applications while maintaining high data transmission speeds.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback mechanisms that monitor network resource usage, user demand, and service quality in real-time. This feedback drives dynamic resource allocation, load balancing, and admission control, enabling the system to provide high-speed services while preventing network overload and maintaining resource efficiency through continuous optimization.
4Speed
If terrestrial communication systems are used, then high-speed services are provided, but coverage area is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges terrestrial and satellite communication systems into a unified hybrid architecture where both subsystems operate cooperatively. Terrestrial base stations provide high-speed services in covered areas, while satellite systems extend coverage to remote and mobile areas. The systems are merged through integrated core networks and unified resource management, achieving both high speed and ubiquitous coverage simultaneously.
Data Source
AI summary
A satellite communications system comprises multiple satellites (e.g., a combination of LEO/MEO/GEO satellites). Multiple satellite gateways communicate over channels of the satellites with remote mobile user terminals. The mobile user terminals communicate with the satellite gateways via associated satellite terminals that interface with the satellites, or directly with the satellites. Each mobile user terminal of a first group communicates with a satellite gateway, over satellite channels, via an associated satellite terminal. Each mobile user terminal of a second group (e.g., in a remote rural area) communicates with a satellite gateway directly over satellite channels. The mobile user terminals of the first communicate with the satellite terminals locally via S-band. The mobile user terminals of the second group communicate directly over the satellite channels via Ku band or Ka Band. Each of the satellite gateways communicates over satellite channels via Ka band, Ku band, V-band or L-band.