Multi-Parity Codeword Decoding for Non-Uniform Memory Errors
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Solution Overview
Problem
The use of interleaving in concatenated coding for error control in memory systems is limited by complex circuitry requirements, power consumption, and large die area, which restricts the implementation and efficiency of error correction, especially in non-uniform error distributions.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of interleaver-free parallel concatenated coding that employs joint-iterative decoding and error estimation to select decoders and match error probabilities with error correction capabilities, using adjustable generator and parity-check matrices based on error density profiles.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If interleaving is used in concatenated coding for error control, then error correction capability is improved, but device complexity and die area increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes the interleaver component from the concatenated coding system. By taking out the interleaving function, the system eliminates the complex circuitry and large die area requirements while maintaining error correction capability through an alternative approach using multiple parallel encoders without interleaving.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent divides the coding system into multiple parallel encoders that operate independently on different segments of data. This segmentation allows the system to achieve error correction through parallel processing without requiring the interleaving structure, thereby reducing device complexity while maintaining reliability.
2Reliability
If interleaving is used in concatenated coding, then error normalization is achieved, but power consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the interleaver component that causes high power consumption. By extracting this element and replacing it with parallel encoders operating on data segments, the system achieves error handling capability without the power-intensive interleaving operation.
3Quantity of substance
If multi-bit symbol interleaving is used across multiple ports, then storage density is improved, but synchronization complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the data processing into parallel encoders that handle different data portions independently. This segmentation approach maintains storage density by processing multiple data streams simultaneously while avoiding the synchronization complexity of traditional interleaving across multiple ports.
4Reliability
If interleaving is used, then clustered errors are de-clustered, but the ability to feed forward corrected information is restricted
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the coding into parallel segments processed by independent encoders. This segmentation enables corrected information from one decoder to be fed forward to assist other decoders, improving adaptability while maintaining error distribution uniformity through the parallel structure.
Data Source
AI summary
An error control decoding system decodes a codeword that includes a data word and two or more parity segments. The system includes a first decoder to decode the codeword by utilizing one or more first parity segments and the data word included in the codeword, and a second decoder to decode the codeword by utilizing one or more second parity segments and the data word included in the codeword, wherein the one or more first parity segments are different from the one or more second parity segments. An error estimation module estimates the number of errors in the codeword, and a controller selects which of the first decoder and second decoder to start decoding the codeword, wherein the selection is based on the estimate of the number of errors in the codeword provided by the error estimation module.