System and method for multi-party generation of blockchain-based smart contract
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing blockchain-based smart contracts lack efficient methods for multi-party verification and execution, particularly in decentralized environments, where cryptographic techniques are not always feasible or desirable.
Innovation Solution
A protocol for generating a verification key collectively by multiple parties using elliptic curve points and polynomials, allowing secure exchange of shared secrets without cryptographic channels, enabling a common reference string for computationally verifiable smart contract execution.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If cryptographic techniques are used for multi-party verification in blockchain smart contracts, then security and confidentiality are improved, but computational overhead and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a trusted setup phase with ceremony participants who collectively generate cryptographic parameters (alpha, beta, gamma, delta) that serve as intermediaries for subsequent zero-knowledge proofs. These pre-generated parameters enable verification without requiring parties to perform complex cryptographic operations during the actual smart contract execution, thus reducing computational overhead while maintaining security.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a preliminary trusted setup ceremony where all cryptographic parameters are generated and verified before the actual smart contract execution. This preliminary action includes generating polynomials, computing their products, and verifying consistency across all participants. By performing these computationally intensive operations in advance, the system achieves both high security and low computational overhead during execution.
2Adaptability or versatility
If decentralized multi-party execution is implemented, then adaptability and versatility are improved, but coordination difficulty and communication overhead increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the smart contract execution process into distinct phases: trusted setup phase where parameters are generated, and execution phase where the actual contract logic runs. It also segments the verification process into individual polynomial verifications that can be performed independently by different parties. This segmentation allows decentralized participants to work independently while maintaining coordination through the shared cryptographic parameters.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transforms the coordination problem into a parameter verification problem. Instead of requiring complex continuous coordination between parties, the system uses discrete cryptographic parameters (alpha, beta, gamma, delta) that once established, remain fixed and can be verified independently. This parameter-based approach simplifies coordination in decentralized environments while maintaining adaptability.
3Measurement precision
If computational verification is required for smart contract execution, then measurement precision and reliability are improved, but processing time and energy consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates simplified copies of the verification process through zero-knowledge proofs. Instead of requiring all parties to perform complete computational verification of the smart contract execution, each party generates a compact proof copy that contains only the essential verification information. These proof copies can be quickly verified by other parties without repeating the entire computational process, thus maintaining measurement precision while reducing processing time.
Data Source
AI summary
Systems and methods described herein relate to techniques that allow for multiple parties to jointly generate or jointly agree upon the parameters for generation of a smart contract, such as a verification key. Execution of the smart contract may be performed by a third party, for example, a worker node on a blockchain network. Techniques described herein may be utilised as part of a protocol in which parties of a smart contract share powers of a secret in a manner that allows each party to determine an identical common reference string, agree on parameters for a smart contract, agree and/or make proportionate contributions the smart contract, and combinations thereof. The smart contract may be published to a blockchain network (e.g., Bitcoin Cash). The protocol may be a zero-knowledge protocol.