Multi-Powder AM Nozzle for Graded High-Entropy Alloys

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current additive manufacturing systems for complex concentrated alloys (CCAs) and high entropy alloys (HEAs) lack the capability to efficiently produce parts with graded compositions and high throughput, limiting their application in high temperature and irradiation-resistant applications.

Innovation Solution

A novel additive manufacturing nozzle with multiple powder channels and an energy application channel, allowing for simultaneous ejection of multiple powders and controlled energy application to form CCAs/HEAs, along with a method that includes cold working and gradient composition formation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If traditional additive manufacturing methods use pre-mixed powder for HEAs, then the manufacturing process is simple, but the ability to manufacture parts with graded composition is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveability to manufacture parts with graded compositionVSAvoidnozzle structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The nozzle is divided into multiple independent powder delivery channels (at least five channels), each capable of delivering a different powder material. This segmentation allows independent control of each powder stream, enabling graded composition manufacturing while keeping each channel relatively simple in structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The nozzle design integrates multiple powder delivery functions into a single device, allowing it to handle at least five different powder materials simultaneously. This multi-functionality enables the system to manufacture various HEA compositions and graded structures using one nozzle, improving versatility without requiring multiple specialized nozzles.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Productivity

If traditional additive manufacturing methods are used for HEAs, then the equipment is simple, but the throughput for manufacturing and characterization is low

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing throughputVSAvoidnozzle system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The nozzle system is segmented into at least five independent powder channels, allowing simultaneous delivery of multiple powders in a single manufacturing process. This enables high-throughput production of HEA parts with complex compositions, as all required materials can be deposited concurrently rather than requiring multiple sequential operations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The nozzle combines multiple powder delivery streams into a single deposition zone, merging at least five different powder materials simultaneously. This consolidation allows high-throughput manufacturing of HEA parts with complex multi-element compositions in a single continuous process, significantly improving productivity compared to sequential powder delivery methods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Adaptability or versatility

If conventional additive manufacturing nozzles are used, then the nozzle structure is simple, but the capability to deliver multiple powders simultaneously is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemulti-powder delivery capabilityVSAvoidnozzle channel configuration
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The nozzle is segmented into at least five separate powder channels, each independently configured to deliver a specific powder material. This segmentation provides the capability to deliver multiple powders simultaneously while maintaining relatively simple individual channel structures, making the multi-powder delivery system manageable and manufacturable.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The nozzle is designed as a multi-functional device that can deliver at least five different powder materials through its multiple channels. This universal design allows the single nozzle to handle diverse HEA compositions, improving adaptability and versatility without requiring multiple specialized nozzles for different material combinations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables the production of complex alloy parts with tailored compositions and microstructures, enhancing high temperature strength and irradiation resistance, and facilitating high throughput manufacturing and characterization.

Implementation Method 1

The energy application channel can be an optical channel for passing a laser

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLaser heating: Laser

Implementation Method 2

an energy applicator (e.g., a laser) configured to provide energy to the powder to sinter the powder to form an additively manufactured article

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSintering: Sintering

Data Source

PatentEP3808475A1Complex concentrated alloy and high entropy alloy additive manufacturing systems and methods
Publication Date: 2021.04.21 HAMILTON SUNDSTRAND CORP
  • EP3808475A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3808475A1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3808475A1 patent drawingFigure 5

AI summary

A complex concentrated alloy (CCA) and/or high entropy alloy (HEA) additive manufacturing nozzle (100) can include a nozzle body (101) defining at least four powder channels (103). Each powder channel can be configured to be connected to a powder supply (317a-h) of a plurality of powder supplies to receive a powder from the powder supply for ejecting the powder toward a build area to form an additively manufactured article having a CCA and/or an HEA.