Multi-Receptor Assay for Analyte Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current clinical diagnostic methods face challenges in detecting low concentrations of analytes in body fluids due to cross-reactivity with interfering substances and signal-dose response issues, especially in small sample sizes.
Innovation Solution
A method involving a combination of a sample, a medium, and two or more different receptors or antibody-tracer conjugates that bind to specific epitopic sites, modulating cross-reactivity and signal-dose response to accurately determine analyte presence and concentration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If a single receptor is used for analyte detection, then the assay is simple to perform, but cross-reactivity with interfering substances increases and measurement precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the detection system into multiple receptor components, each with distinct epitopic specificities. Instead of using a single receptor that must detect all analytes, the invention segments the recognition function across multiple receptors (e.g.,至少两个不同的受体), each targeting specific epitopic sites. This segmentation allows the system to distinguish between the analyte and interfering substances by comparing binding patterns across multiple receptors, thereby improving measurement precision while maintaining operational feasibility through standardized assay protocols.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a composite detection system combining multiple receptor-tracer conjugates with different binding specificities. Each receptor component acts as a distinct element in the composite system, with unique epitopic recognition capabilities. By integrating these diverse receptor components into a single assay system, the invention achieves enhanced analyte detection accuracy through composite signal analysis, while the system remains practical to operate via coordinated incubation and detection procedures.
2Measurement precision
If multiple receptors with different epitopic sites are used, then cross-reactivity is reduced and measurement precision improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs multiple receptor-tracer conjugates to share common functional characteristics while maintaining distinct epitopic specificities. All receptors utilize the same tracer molecule and follow identical incubation and detection protocols, providing universal operational procedures. This multi-functionality approach allows the complex multi-receptor system to be operated through standardized steps, reducing the practical complexity burden despite the increased number of components.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines multiple receptor-tracer conjugates into a single reaction medium, where all receptors operate simultaneously in one incubation step. Rather than requiring separate assays for each receptor, the invention merges the detection functions into a unified protocol where samples are incubated with the receptor mixture and detected through a single readout process. This merging strategy reduces procedural complexity while maintaining the analytical benefits of multiple receptors.
3Device complexity
If conventional single-receptor assays are used, then the assay protocol is simple, but the ability to detect low concentrations of analyte in small samples deteriorates due to cross-reactivity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a feedback mechanism through comparative signal analysis across multiple receptors. Each receptor provides an independent signal that feeds into the overall detection decision. By analyzing the pattern of signals from multiple receptors with different epitopic specificities, the system can distinguish true analyte signals from cross-reactivity artifacts, thereby improving detection reliability in small samples while maintaining a protocol that builds upon conventional single-receptor assay frameworks.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach effectively reduces cross-reactivity and improves signal-dose response, enabling reliable detection of low analyte concentrations in small sample sizes, enhancing the accuracy of clinical diagnostic assays.
Implementation Method 1
Each different receptor binds to at least two different epitopic sites. One of the epitopic sites is a common binding site and one of the epitopic sites is non-common binding site.
Implementation Method 2
A combination is provided comprising a medium, the sample, and two or more different antibody-tracer conjugates. Each different antibody binds to at least two different epitopic sites
Data Source
AI summary
A method for determining an analyte in a sample suspected of containing the analyte comprises providing in combination a medium, the sample, and two or more different receptors. Each different receptor binds to at least two different epitopic sites. One of the epitopic sites is a common binding site and one of the epitopic sites is non-common binding site. The non-common epitopic sites are different for each different receptor. The receptors exhibit mono-molecular binding. The medium is incubated under conditions for binding of the receptors to the epitopic sites. The medium is examined for the presence and/or amount of complexes comprising the epitopic sites and the receptors. The presence and/or amount of the complexes indicate the presence and/or amount of the analyte in the sample.