Movable Optical Module for Multi-Region PCR Light Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing PCR devices with multiple thermally independent heating blocks struggle to efficiently detect the presence of multiple target nucleic acid sequences simultaneously due to the need for individual illumination and detection of each block, leading to inefficiencies and potential signal interference.
Innovation Solution
A light detection device with thermally independent reaction regions, movable light source units, and synchronized light detection, allowing independent temperature control and simultaneous or asynchronous illumination of multiple regions using multiple light sources, with detectors assigned to specific areas for precise signal measurement.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If multiple heating blocks are illuminated and detected individually, then each reaction region can be monitored independently, but the detection efficiency decreases and device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple light sources and detectors into a single integrated optical module that can simultaneously illuminate and detect light from multiple heating blocks. This merging approach maintains the ability to independently monitor each reaction region while significantly improving detection efficiency by performing multiple measurements in parallel rather than sequentially
Solution Approach 2:
The optical module is designed with multi-functionality to serve multiple heating blocks simultaneously. A single optical module can illuminate and detect from multiple reaction regions, making the detection system universally applicable across different heating blocks without requiring separate dedicated optical systems for each block
2Productivity
If multiple light sources are used to illuminate different heating blocks, then simultaneous detection is possible, but signal interference increases
Solution Approach 1:
The optical module is segmented into distinct light source units and detector units, each assigned to specific heating blocks. This segmentation allows for independent control of illumination and detection for each reaction region, enabling simultaneous operation while minimizing cross-interference between adjacent heating blocks through spatial separation
Solution Approach 2:
Each light source unit and detector unit within the optical module is optimized for its specific heating block assignment. The local quality principle ensures that each detection channel is tailored to its target reaction region, improving signal-to-noise ratio and reducing interference from other heating blocks by optimizing optical paths and detection parameters locally
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device enables efficient and precise light detection across multiple reaction regions with reduced signal interference, allowing for simultaneous or staggered detection of multiple targets with minimal movement of optical modules, improving detection efficiency and accuracy.
Implementation Method 1
light source units irradiating the reaction regions with light
Implementation Method 2
detectors detecting light emitted from the reaction regions
Implementation Method 3
DNA denaturation is performed at about 95° C., and annealing and primer elongation are performed at a lower temperature ranging from 55° C. to 75° C.
Data Source
AI summary
Embodiments of the disclosure relate to a device and method for detecting light in a plurality of independent reaction regions. According to the disclosure, a light detection device includes a plurality of thermally independent reaction regions, a movable optical module for irradiating the reaction regions with lights of a plurality of wavelengths, detectors for detecting lights emitted from the reaction regions, and a controller controlling the reaction regions, the optical module, and the detectors.