Multi-Secondary Transformer Impedance Injection for HV Line Balancing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing high-voltage transmission line control systems face challenges in achieving dynamic line balancing with distributed active impedance-injection modules due to high cost, reliability issues, and the need for specialized components that are not cost-effective or reliable enough for widespread utility acceptance.
Innovation Solution
The use of a plurality of secondary windings with individual voltage converters to generate and inject the required inductive or capacitive impedances directly on high-voltage transmission lines, utilizing off-the-shelf power-electronic components and a distributed approach to ensure high reliability and lower manufacturing costs.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If distributed active impedance-injection modules are used for dynamic line balancing, then power grid efficiency and reliability are improved, but manufacturing cost and component complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the impedance injection function into multiple independent secondary windings (first secondary winding, second secondary winding, etc.), each capable of independent operation. This segmentation allows the system to achieve reliable distributed control while using standard, cost-effective power electronic components for each module, reducing overall manufacturing complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses multiple secondary windings with different turns ratios to provide variable impedance injection levels. By changing the electrical parameters (turns ratio, number of active windings) rather than using complex adjustable components, the system achieves flexible control at lower cost with improved reliability.
2Reliability
If multiple secondary windings with individual voltage converters are used, then component stress is reduced and reliability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the voltage conversion function across multiple independent secondary windings, where each winding has its own voltage converter. This distribution of function reduces the stress and power handling requirements of individual components, improving reliability while maintaining manageable complexity through modular design.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs multiple secondary windings where not all windings need to operate at full capacity simultaneously. This partial action approach allows the system to handle high total power requirements without requiring each individual component to be oversized, thereby reducing complexity while maintaining reliability.
3Ease of manufacture
If off-the-shelf power-electronic components are used, then manufacturing cost is reduced and ease of manufacture is improved, but specialized performance requirements may not be met
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the total impedance injection requirement across multiple secondary windings, allowing each winding-converter pair to use standard, off-the-shelf power electronic components. The segmented approach enables the system to meet overall performance specifications through the combined action of multiple standard components rather than requiring single specialized high-performance components.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines the output of multiple secondary windings with individual voltage converters to achieve the total required impedance injection performance. By merging the contributions of multiple standard components, the system meets specialized performance requirements that would be difficult or expensive to achieve with a single component.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution provides a cost-effective, highly reliable, and efficient method for dynamic line balancing by using multiple secondary windings to inject the necessary impedances, reducing the stress on components and ensuring system reliability, thus improving power grid efficiency and reducing failures.
Implementation Method 1
The primary or the secondary of this transformer may be the power line itself. The other of the primary or the secondary for this transformer may be one or more windings of a core for the reactance module
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 2A~2B
AI summary
This patent discloses an active impedance-injection module for dynamic line balancing of a high-voltage (HV) transmission line. The impedance-injection module comprises a plurality of transformers each having a primary winding in series with a HV transmission line. Each transformer also has secondary windings, each connected to an individual electronic converter. The plurality of secondary windings are electrically isolated from the associated primary winding and extract power from the HV transmission line for operation of the converters and other circuits connected to the secondary windings. The active impedance-injection module is enabled to generate a controlled impedance, inductive or capacitive, to be impressed on the HV transmission line. A plurality of active impedance-injection modules spatially distributed on a HV transmission line are enabled to inject a controlled cumulative impedance on a HV transmission line while limiting the capacity of individual converters to that achievable with practical electronic components.