Multi-Source Channel Estimation Using Positional Data

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Solution Overview

Problem

Large-scale MIMO communications systems face significant challenges in channel estimation due to the high computational complexity and signaling overhead, especially with a large number of antennas and changing environmental conditions, which impact system performance.

Innovation Solution

The system and method for multi-source channel estimation determine signal source and sink positions using positional information, allowing for reduced complexity channel estimation by modeling primary and secondary channels between antennas and signal sources/sinks, eliminating the need for extensive reference signal processing and simplifying channel estimation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If the number of transmit antennas and receive antennas is increased to significantly larger numbers (100, 1000, 10000 or more), then the capacity of the radio link increases greatly, but the computational complexity and signaling overhead for channel estimation increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveradio link capacityVSAvoidcomputational complexity of channel estimation
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the channel estimation process by introducing a simplified model that divides the estimation into coarser spatial segments. Instead of estimating channels for each individual antenna pair, the system groups antennas into sectors or regions and performs estimation at a higher level of abstraction, reducing the total number of estimations required in large-scale MIMO systems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the parameters of channel estimation by transitioning from fine-grained per-antenna estimation to coarse-grained sector-level estimation. This parameter change reduces the dimensionality of the estimation problem, transforming it from O(N*M) complexity to O(S*T) where S and T are the numbers of transmit and receive sectors respectively, with S<<N and T<<M

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Measurement precision

If channel estimation is performed for every multi-path at each antenna in large-scale MIMO, then transmission accuracy is improved, but the signaling overhead and computational complexity negatively impact system performance

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvechannel estimation accuracyVSAvoidsignaling overhead
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts only the essential channel characteristics needed for effective communication by focusing on dominant propagation paths and sectors. Instead of capturing complete per-antenna channel state information, the system extracts representative channel parameters from sector-level measurements, reducing signaling overhead while maintaining sufficient accuracy for beamforming and scheduling decisions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies partial action by performing channel estimation only for dominant multi-path components and sectors rather than all possible paths and antennas. This selective estimation approach captures the most significant channel characteristics while ignoring negligible components, reducing overhead without substantially degrading performance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

3Reliability

If channel estimations are repeated regularly to maintain effective models in changing environments, then channel accuracy is maintained, but the computational complexity and signaling overhead increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvechannel model effectivenessVSAvoidtime for repeated estimations
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements periodic channel estimation at sector level rather than continuous per-antenna estimation. By updating channel models periodically at a coarser granularity, the system maintains reliability in changing environments while reducing the frequency and computational burden of updates compared to traditional approaches

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Data Source

PatentEP3357173B1System and method for multi-source channel estimation
Publication Date: 2021.07.28 HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
  • EP3357173B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3357173B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3357173B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

A method includes determining position information of a main transmission sink having a primary transmission path to a communications device and of at least one mirror transmission sink associated with the main transmission sink by at least one secondary transmission path between the main transmission sink and the communications device, estimating primary channels between the communications device and antennas of an antenna array of the main transmission sink and secondary channels between the communications device and antennas of an antenna array of the at least one mirror transmission sink, the estimating is at least partially based on the position information of the main transmission sink and the at least one mirror transmission sink and position information of the antennas in the antenna arrays, and instructing use of the estimated primary channels and the estimated secondary channels.