Multi-Tier Power Grid Load Phase Balancing via DNNC
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional power grids face inefficiencies in managing power system balance due to phase load imbalances, which lead to undesirable voltage fluctuations, increased heat and wear on components, and higher maintenance costs, exacerbated by the integration of renewable energy sources and distributed power generation.
Innovation Solution
A multi-tier hierarchical electrical distribution network with distribution network node controllers (DNNC) and power system balance components (PSBC) that monitor and automatically correct load phase imbalances by switching loads between phases, adjusting voltage or current, and filtering harmonics, facilitating real-time communication and data-driven decision-making.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional power distribution systems are used without intelligent control, then device complexity is low, but power system balance deteriorates due to phase load imbalances
Solution Approach 1:
The power distribution network is divided into multiple tiers with distribution network node controllers (DNNC) at each tier. Each DNNC independently monitors and controls phase load balances for its specific segment, enabling localized balance correction without requiring centralized control of the entire system. This segmentation improves power system balance while keeping individual controller complexity manageable.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts power distribution by real-time monitoring of phase load imbalances and automatically switching loads between phases through controllable switches. The DNNC continuously adapts the distribution configuration based on current load conditions, transforming the static power distribution system into a dynamic one that maintains balance despite changing demands.
2Reliability
If manual load distribution methods are used, then ease of operation is high, but power system balance deteriorates due to uneven load distribution
Solution Approach 1:
The distribution network node controllers autonomously monitor phase load conditions and automatically execute load switching operations without requiring manual intervention. The system self-corrects imbalances by identifying overloaded phases and transferring loads to underloaded phases, eliminating the need for operator involvement while maintaining power system balance.
Solution Approach 2:
The DNNC continuously monitors phase load conditions and uses this feedback information to make real-time decisions about load distribution. The system measures actual load imbalances, compares them against balance criteria, and adjusts switching configurations accordingly, creating a closed-loop control system that maintains power system balance automatically.
3Reliability
If intelligent monitoring and automatic correction systems are implemented, then power system balance improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The distribution network node controller is designed as a multi-functional device that performs monitoring, analysis, decision-making, and control execution within a single integrated system. This universal controller consolidates multiple functions that would otherwise require separate devices, reducing overall system complexity while maintaining the capability for intelligent load balancing.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a hierarchical control dimension with multiple tiers, where each tier operates semi-independently. This dimensional organization allows the system to manage complexity by distributing intelligence across tiers rather than concentrating it in a single complex controller, enabling scalable deployment.
4Reliability
If real-time automatic load switching is implemented, then power system balance improves, but loss of time in control decisions increases due to data analysis requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The system pre-establishes switching configurations and balance criteria before imbalances occur. The DNNC is pre-programmed with switching logic and threshold values, enabling it to rapidly respond to detected imbalances without requiring complex real-time calculations. This preliminary preparation minimizes decision time while maintaining effective balance correction.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces manual analysis and decision-making processes with automated electronic monitoring and control systems. The DNNC uses electronic data processing to analyze load conditions and execute switching decisions, substituting human operator time with faster automated systems that can process and respond to balance conditions in real-time.
Data Source
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AI summary
The subject specification comprises enhanced power system balance control for a multi-tier hierarchical electrical distribution network (EDN). The EDN comprises a specified number of distribution network node controller (DNNC) components employed to desirably control power system balance, data communications, and power distribution between respective tiers of the EDN to facilitate efficient power distribution. In each tier, a power system balance component (PSBC), associated with a DNNC component, can monitor power system balance, such as load phase balance, associated with multi-phase power distribution for its tier, and detect power system imbalances in that tier. A power balance correction action can be identified and executed (e.g., automatically) in response to the detected power system imbalance to rectify the imbalance, wherein the correction action can include dynamic switching of loads between phases and/or filtering of the power signal.