Multi-tiered DNS Architecture for Malicious Traffic Mitigation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional methods for detecting network security events, particularly in DNS systems, face challenges in distinguishing between anomalous and normal traffic patterns due to the rarity of malicious events and the complexity of Internet traffic, often resulting in false alarms and the inability to differentiate between benign and malicious traffic.

Innovation Solution

A multi-tiered DNS architecture using machine learning to assign reputation scores to source devices, with a two-stage encoder-decoder neural network for anomaly detection and classification, redirecting queries from a first-tier to a second-tier DNS server based on status changes identified through anomalous traffic patterns.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If conventional fixed signatures are used for attack detection, then detection simplicity is maintained, but detection accuracy deteriorates as attack patterns evolve

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection mechanism simplicityVSAvoidattack detection accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic detection by transitioning from static fixed signatures to adaptive machine learning models that continuously learn and update attack patterns. The system dynamically adjusts detection parameters and retrain models based on evolving traffic characteristics, enabling the detection mechanism to adapt to new attack patterns while maintaining operational simplicity through automated updates.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Measurement precision

If volumetric based approach with numerous measurements is used, then anomaly detection capability is improved, but false alarm rate increases due to over-fitting

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveanomaly detection capabilityVSAvoidfalse alarm rate
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and focuses on the most critical features from the volumetric dataset, removing irrelevant and redundant measurements that cause over-fitting. The machine learning models identify and retain only the essential traffic characteristics needed for accurate anomaly detection, thereby maintaining high detection capability while eliminating the source of false alarms through feature selection and dimensionality reduction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Measurement precision

If anomalous behavior is described with many features, then detection accuracy is improved, but system complexity and false blocking increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebehavior characterization accuracyVSAvoidfeature processing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by assigning different levels of analysis to different traffic characteristics. Rather than uniformly processing all features with high complexity, the system identifies specific local patterns and anomalies in traffic behavior that are most indicative of malicious activity, focusing computational resources on these critical local characteristics while simplifying processing of less important features.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

4Device complexity

If mitigation efforts block traffic based on limited parameters, then system simplicity is maintained, but malicious traffic penetration increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemitigation system simplicityVSAvoidmalicious traffic penetration
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces machine learning models as intermediary components between traffic monitoring and mitigation actions. These intermediary models analyze traffic patterns using multiple parameters and provide refined classification decisions, enabling the system to maintain operational simplicity at the decision-making layer while incorporating sophisticated multi-parameter analysis in the intermediate processing stage, thereby blocking malicious traffic more effectively without increasing overall system complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentUS10834114B2Multi-tiered server architecture to mitigate malicious traffic
Publication Date: 2020.11.10 AT&T INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY I L P
  • US10834114B2 patent drawing
  • US10834114B2 patent drawing
  • US10834114B2 patent drawing

AI summary

A processing system having at least one processor may obtain domain name system (DNS) traffic records of a DNS platform, the DNS traffic records associated with a source device having a first status and that is submitting DNS queries, where a first-tier DNS authoritative server of the DNS platform is configured to forward the DNS queries from the source device to at least a first second-tier DNS authoritative server of the DNS platform designated for the first status. The processing system may further detect anomalous DNS traffic records from the DNS traffic records, identify a change of the source device from a first status to a second status, based upon the detecting the anomalous DNS traffic records, and reconfigure the first-tier DNS authoritative server to redirect the DNS queries from the source device to at least a second second-tier DNS authoritative server designated for the second status.