Multi-Tone Signal Phase Coherent Mixing and Downconversion

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current RF and microwave measurement technologies, such as high-frequency spectrum analyzers and vector signal analyzers, face challenges in maintaining phase coherence between tones, leading to loss of phase information and reduced signal-to-noise ratios when measuring modulated signals.

Innovation Solution

A system and method that uses phase coherent mixing and data acquisition to maintain phase coherence between tones in multi-tone signals, employing a reference signal with fixed phase differences to normalize and downconvert signals, allowing for reconstruction of the original signal through calibration techniques.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If high-frequency spectrum analyzers are used to measure RF and microwave signals, then amplitude spectrum can be obtained, but phase coherence between tones is lost

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveamplitude spectrum measurementVSAvoidphase coherence
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The measurement process is segmented into multiple sequential downconversion steps, with each step handling a specific frequency range or tone. The system divides the multi-tone signal into individual tones and processes them separately while maintaining phase reference to the original signal, thereby preserving phase coherence information that would be lost in a single broadband measurement.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

A reference signal is introduced as an intermediary element that maintains phase coherence with the original multi-tone signal. This reference signal is used to normalize the phase of individual tones during sequential downconversion, acting as a mediator that preserves the phase relationship between tones throughout the measurement process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Measurement precision

If vector signal analyzers are used to demodulate modulated high frequency tones, then high signal to noise ratios can be achieved, but phase coherence between fundamental and harmonics is lost

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal to noise ratioVSAvoidphase coherence between tones
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary downconversion of the high-frequency signal to an intermediate frequency before final demodulation. This preliminary action maintains phase coherence by preserving the relationship between fundamental and harmonic tones during the frequency translation process, allowing subsequent demodulation to achieve high signal-to-noise ratio without losing phase information.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

An intermediate frequency representation serves as a mediator between the high-frequency input signal and the baseband output. This intermediate representation maintains phase coherence between tones while enabling the high signal-to-noise ratio demodulation capabilities of vector signal analyzers to be applied effectively.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Reliability

If repetitive sampling oscilloscopes are used to measure modulated signals, then dynamic range is limited, but phase coherence can be maintained with synchronous triggering

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvephase coherence maintenanceVSAvoiddynamic range
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The system replaces the mechanical synchronous triggering mechanism with a digital reference signal normalization approach. Instead of relying on precise mechanical synchronization between the sampling clock and the modulated signal, the system uses digital processing to reference all measurements to a stored phase reference, thereby maintaining phase coherence while enabling larger dynamic range through digital rather than purely time-synchronized measurement.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables accurate measurement and reconstruction of multi-tone signals with maintained phase coherence, improving dynamic range and signal quality by eliminating arbitrary delays and phase offsets, while allowing for repeatable and determined distortion correction.

Implementation Method 1

phase coherent mixing means for demodulation in connection with data acquisition means for digitization. The mixing means and data acquisition means are fed with the multi-tone signal and with a reference signal comprising said phase coherent tones

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMixing: Heterodyne

Data Source

PatentEP2440944B1System and method for representing a multi-tone signal
Publication Date: 2019.06.12 NAT INSTR IRELAND RESOURCES
  • EP2440944B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2440944B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2440944B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present invention is related to a system (1) for determining a representation of a multi-tone signal (2) comprising a plurality of phase coherent tones, at least two of said phase coherent tones being modulated by a modulating signal, said system comprising an input (3) for applying the multi-tone signal (2), phase coherent mixing means (5) for demodulation in connection with data acquisition means (6) for digitization, said mixing means and data acquisition means arranged for being fed with the multi-tone signal and with a reference signal (8) comprising said phase coherent tones, each pair of phase coherent tones having a fixed phase difference, whereby the data acquisition means is arranged for being triggered by a trigger signal (4) for yielding a representation of said modulation signals with fixed delay, processing means (7) arranged for receiving digital signals output from the data acquisition means and for comparing phase information of a downconverted tone of the multi-tone signal after demodulation with phase information derived from the corresponding tone of the demodulated reference signal and further arranged for controlling the phase coherent mixing means for sequential downconversion, such that a representation of said multi-tone signal can be determined.