Multi-Layer Multi-Turn Resonator for High-Frequency Skin-Effect Losses
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing near-field wireless power and communication systems face inefficiencies due to high resistive losses caused by the skin effect, particularly at high frequencies, leading to low quality factors and limitations in applications such as implanted medical devices and RFID systems.
Innovation Solution
A multi-layer wire structure with alternating conducting and non-conducting layers is introduced to minimize resistive losses, increasing the effective conductor area and reducing skin effect-related inefficiencies, thereby enhancing the quality factor of antennas and resonators.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If conventional single-layer wire structure is used, then manufacturing is simple, but resistive losses are high due to skin effect at high frequencies
Solution Approach 1:
The wire structure is segmented into multiple conducting layers separated by dielectric layers. Each conducting layer has a thickness approximately equal to the skin depth, ensuring that current flows uniformly across all layers rather than concentrating in a single layer. This segmentation reduces the overall resistive losses while managing the complexity through a systematic multi-layer architecture.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a composite structure combining multiple conducting layers with dielectric materials between them. This composite wire structure leverages the properties of both conductive and insulating materials to achieve lower resistive losses at high frequencies while maintaining structural integrity and electrical performance.
2Reliability
If wire thickness is increased to reduce resistance, then conductivity improves, but skin effect becomes more prevalent at high frequencies
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of using a single thick wire, the structure divides the total conductor cross-section into multiple thinner layers, each with thickness approximately equal to the skin depth. This ensures that current flows effectively in each layer without being constrained to the surface, thereby reducing resistive losses while maintaining reliable signal conduction across the entire structure.
3Productivity
If operating frequency is increased for better communication performance, then data rate improves, but skin effect increases causing higher resistive losses
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the structural parameters of the wire by implementing a multi-layer configuration where each layer's thickness is optimized relative to the operating frequency's skin depth. This parameter adjustment allows the system to operate at higher frequencies for improved data transmission while maintaining low resistive losses through the adapted wire structure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The multi-layer structure significantly reduces resistive losses, leading to higher efficiency, extended range, and compact wireless systems with improved performance in high-frequency applications, including increased read range and reliability for RFID and reduced battery recharge time for medical devices.
Implementation Method 1
The relatively low quality factors of these wireless transmission and/or communication systems are mainly due to higher resistive losses caused by a phenomenon known as the 'skin effect.'
Implementation Method 2
A multi-layer wire structure with alternating conducting and non-conducting layers is introduced to minimize resistive losses, increasing the effective conductor area
Implementation Method 3
a resonator for wireless power and/or data transfer or reception
Data Source
AI summary
A structure for wireless communication having a plurality of conductor layers, an insulator layer separating each of the conductor layers, and at least one connector connecting two of the conductor layers wherein an electrical resistance is reduced when an electrical signal is induced in the resonator at a predetermined frequency. The structure is capable of transmitting or receiving electrical energy and/or data at various near and far field magnetic coupling frequencies.