Multi-Valued Modulation Synchronization in Encrypted Communications
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Solution Overview
Problem
In encrypted communications using a multi-valued modulation scheme based on Yuen quantum cryptography, synchronization shifts between transmitting and receiving nodes can occur due to various failures, leading to decryption errors, and existing methods lack effective mechanisms for detecting and re-establishing synchronization without compromising encryption strength.
Innovation Solution
The method involves generating and inserting synchronization data into transmission data to confirm key synchronization, with nodes exchanging confirmation signals to detect shifts and initiate re-synchronization, using stored information to regenerate the running key and maintain encryption strength.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If synchronization data is inserted into transmission data to detect key shifts, then reliability of decryption is improved, but device complexity increases due to additional synchronization mechanisms
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by inserting synchronization data at predetermined positions within the encrypted data stream before transmission. This synchronization data serves as a reference marker that enables the receiving node to detect and correct running key position shifts proactively, rather than waiting for decryption failures to occur. The synchronization data is embedded in advance to facilitate timely detection and re-synchronization.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses synchronization data as an intermediary element between the transmitting and receiving nodes. This synchronization data acts as a mediator that carries position information without requiring direct communication about key synchronization status. The receiving node compares the received synchronization data with locally generated expectations to detect shifts, enabling indirect verification of synchronization status.
2Productivity
If re-synchronization is performed using stored synchronization data, then productivity of communication recovery is improved, but loss of information may occur if synchronization data is not properly maintained
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-storing synchronization data and its associated position information in memory at both transmitting and receiving nodes. This stored synchronization data serves as a backup reference that can be quickly retrieved and used for re-synchronization without requiring re-transmission of data. The position information is maintained in advance to enable immediate re-alignment of the running key.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses copying by maintaining duplicate copies of synchronization data and position information in the memory of both transmitting and receiving nodes. These copies serve as redundant references that can be used for verification and re-synchronization. The receiving node has a local copy of expected synchronization data that can be compared against received data to detect shifts and initiate recovery.
3Measurement precision
If confirmation signals are exchanged to detect synchronization shifts, then measurement precision of key alignment is improved, but use of energy increases due to additional signal exchanges
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies partial action by implementing selective confirmation signal exchange rather than continuous exchange. Confirmation signals are transmitted only when synchronization shifts are detected or at predetermined intervals, rather than continuously. This reduces the total number of signal exchanges and associated energy consumption while maintaining adequate monitoring of synchronization status.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses feedback by implementing a confirmation signal mechanism where the receiving node sends acknowledgment signals back to the transmitting node regarding synchronization status. This feedback loop enables both nodes to detect and correct running key position shifts by comparing expected versus actual synchronization data positions, thereby maintaining precise key alignment through iterative verification.
Data Source
AI summary
A transmitting node produces synchronization data to be inserted into plain text and encrypts the thus generated data into multi-valued data so as to transmit the data. The synchronization data indicates the position of a running key used for encryption. A receiving node decrypts a signal including the synchronization data using the running key and detects the synchronization data from the signal to confirm synchronization of the running key between transmitting and receiving nodes. Then, the receiving node transmits a synchronization confirmation signal to the transmitting node. If the transmitting node does not receive the synchronization confirmation signal, it determines that synchronization of the running key is shifted, and re-synchronization is performed. To perform re-synchronization, a running key ahead of the position of the running key associated with synchronization data that has been stored is generated.