Multi-Wavelength DCS System for Blood Flow and Oxygenation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) systems require separate light sources and detectors for DCS and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measurements, limiting their ability to non-invasively measure blood flow and volume, and cannot evaluate hemoglobin oxygenation effectively.
Innovation Solution
A multi-distance, multi-wavelength DCS system that uses a single setup with multiple light sources and detectors to emit and receive light at different wavelengths and distances, processing signals to determine optical properties and dynamics of a target medium, including blood flow index, absorption, and reduced scattering coefficients.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If separate light sources and detectors are used for DCS and NIRS measurements, then measurement capabilities are expanded, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines DCS and NIRS measurements into a single integrated system that uses one light source and one detector for both measurement types. The system multiplexes the light source to provide both DCS and NIRS functionality, eliminating the need for separate light sources and detectors while maintaining both measurement capabilities.
Solution Approach 2:
The single light source and detector are designed to perform multiple functions - the light source can operate in both DCS and NIRS modes, and the detector can detect signals from both measurement types. This multi-functional design reduces device complexity while expanding adaptability.
2Measurement precision
If traditional single-wavelength DCS is used, then device simplicity is maintained, but measurement precision for blood volume and oxygenation is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The system segments the measurement process by using multiple wavelengths (e.g., 760 nm and 850 nm) to separately probe different optical properties. Each wavelength provides specific information - one for blood flow and another for blood volume and oxygenation - allowing precise measurements without requiring a completely complex system.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the wavelength parameter of the light source to optimize measurements for different parameters. By switching between specific wavelengths, the system can precisely measure blood flow at one wavelength and blood volume/oxygenation at another wavelength, improving measurement precision without proportionally increasing complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables non-invasive measurement of blood flow and volume without the need for NIRS, providing accurate estimates of hemoglobin oxygenation and improved accuracy and precision in fluid flow measurements.
Implementation Method 1
The one or more DCS sources are configured to emit at least a first light having a first wavelength and a second light having a second wavelength. The one or more DCS light sources are configured to transmit the first light and the second light into a target medium.
Implementation Method 2
The one or more DCS detectors are configured to receive at least a portion of the first light and at least a portion of the second light from the target medium. The DCS detector is configured to generate a DCS detector signal in response to receiving the at least a portion of the first light and the at least a portion of the second light.
Implementation Method 3
The processor is configured to determine a dynamics of the target medium using the DCS detector signal and the one or more equations. The method includes: determining, using a processor and the DCS detector signal, a decay of an autocorrelation function over distance for at least the first wavelength and the second wavelength.
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides systems and methods for multi-distance, multi-wavelength diffuse correlation spectroscopy (MD-MW DCS). The systems and methods can include two, three, or more different wavelengths and two, three, or more different source-detector distances. The dynamics of a target medium can be determined using detected signals at the different wavelengths and different source-detector distances.