Multi-Band Antenna Choke Cavity Layout for Band Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Interference between radiating elements on different frequency bands in multi-band antennas affects communication performance and coverage capability, as secondary radiation from one frequency band interferes with signals of another, leading to reduced antenna efficiency and limited application scenarios due to isolated high-frequency radiating elements.
Innovation Solution
The antenna design incorporates a phase shifter and first frequency band radiating elements with a choke cavity to suppress interference between frequency bands, improving space utilization and allowing simultaneous excitation of multiple radiating elements using power splitters, by using a reflection plate with through holes and a balun structure that passes through these holes, and a choke cavity formed by the phase shifter and radiating elements to reduce signal interference.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If radiating elements for different frequency bands are arranged close to each other to improve space utilization, then space utilization is improved, but interference between frequency bands increases due to induced signals generated on surrounding radiating elements
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna array is segmented into isolated high-frequency radiating elements and low-frequency radiating elements. The isolation structure divides the antenna into frequency-band-specific zones, allowing close physical arrangement while maintaining electromagnetic separation. This segmentation enables space utilization improvement without sacrificing frequency band isolation.
Solution Approach 2:
The harmful induced signals are extracted and directed into dedicated isolation structures (choke cavities and isolation gaps). By providing specific pathways for these signals, they are contained within isolation zones rather than propagating to interfere with other frequency bands, thus resolving the interference problem while maintaining compact arrangement.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If isolation structures are added to reduce interference between frequency bands, then interference is reduced, but device complexity increases due to additional components
Solution Approach 1:
The isolation structures are merged with the radiating element designs themselves. The choke cavities and isolation gaps are integrated into the existing antenna geometry rather than being added as separate external components. This merging approach reduces device complexity by combining isolation functionality with the structural elements already present in the antenna array.
Solution Approach 2:
The isolation structures serve multiple functions: they provide frequency band isolation, maintain structural integrity of the antenna array, and enable compact spacing between elements. By making the isolation structures multi-functional, the patent avoids adding dedicated components solely for isolation, thus reducing overall device complexity.
3Object-generated harmful factors
If high-frequency radiating elements are isolated to prevent interference, then interference is reduced, but application scenarios are limited due to inability to simultaneously excite multiple radiating elements
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna system is designed to dynamically switch between different operational modes: it can selectively activate high-frequency elements, low-frequency elements, or both simultaneously depending on communication requirements. The isolation structures enable this dynamic operation by preventing interference during simultaneous excitation, thereby expanding application scenarios while maintaining interference reduction.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design significantly reduces interference between different frequency bands, enhancing communication performance and coverage while allowing for increased application scenarios by enabling simultaneous excitation of multiple radiating elements, thus improving space utilization and efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
a choke cavity configured to suppress a signal of a second frequency band radiating element
Implementation Method 2
a reflection plate; A reflection plate through hole corresponding to each first frequency band radiating element is provided on the reflection plate
Data Source
AI summary
This disclosure provides an antenna and a base station device. The antenna includes: a plurality of first frequency band antenna groups; a plurality of second frequency band radiating elements; and a reflection plate on which a reflection plate through hole is provided. Each first frequency band radiating element includes: a first balun structure and a first signal transmission structure, which pass through the reflection plate through hole. A phase shifter includes a first phase shifter cavity, a choke cavity, and a first feed network signal transmission structure located in the first phase shifter cavity. A part that is of the first balun structure and that is located on a second side of the reflection plate is located in the choke cavity.