Multiband Antenna Element Layout for Gain in Compact Panels
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing multi-band antenna apparatuses face challenges in achieving optimal arrangement of radiating elements to enhance antenna gain while minimizing product size, weight, and thickness, and require complex phase shifters that increase manufacturing costs and product size.
Innovation Solution
The antenna apparatus optimally arranges low-band and mid-band elements on a reflecting panel with independently fed transmission lines, uses dielectric panels for phase shifting without altering physical length, and employs a slim design with overlapping mid-band elements to reduce interference and weight.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If radiating elements are spaced apart to avoid mutual interference, then beam patterns are directly radiated without interference, but overall product size is enlarged
Solution Approach 1:
The mid-band elements are nested within the low-band elements by positioning them in the spaces between the low-band elements. This nesting arrangement allows both frequency bands to coexist in a compact configuration, achieving space utilization optimization without mutual interference
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from a two-dimensional planar arrangement to a three-dimensional spatial arrangement by utilizing the vertical dimension and interstitial spaces. Mid-band elements are positioned in the gaps between low-band elements, effectively using spatial dimensions to resolve the size-interference contradiction
2Adaptability or versatility
If phase shifters are provided to change physical length of transmission lines, then beam characteristics can be varied, but product size and manufacturing complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent achieves beam characteristic variation by changing the electrical parameters of existing transmission lines rather than physically altering their length. By adjusting impedance values and electrical lengths through parameter optimization, the same physical transmission line can achieve different beam patterns and characteristics
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of using complex phase shifters, the patent creates simplified equivalent structures that replicate the phase-shifting function through impedance transformation and transmission line parameter adjustment, achieving the same effect with reduced complexity
3Area of stationary object
If mid-band elements are arranged inside low-band elements in overlapping manner, then product size is reduced, but antenna gain optimization becomes challenging
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies different spatial arrangements to different frequency band elements based on their specific radiation characteristics. Low-band elements are positioned with adequate spacing for their wavelength requirements, while mid-band elements are nested in the interstitial spaces, creating locally optimized arrangements that maximize gain while maintaining compact overall size
Data Source
Figure 1(a)~1(b)
Figure 2a
Figure 2b
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to an antenna apparatus, and more particularly, to an antenna apparatus including a plurality of low-band elements that radiate an operating frequency in a first frequency band, and a plurality of mid-band elements that radiate an operating frequency higher than the operating frequency in the first frequency band. Among the plurality of mid-band elements, mid-band elements that interfere in a radiation direction in relation to the low-band elements are disposed to penetrate centers of the low-band elements, thereby providing an advantage of securing favorable antenna gain.