Multi-band Base Station Antenna Scattering Suppression
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing multi-band base station antennas face challenges in suppressing cross-band scattering due to the close proximity of antenna elements, leading to distortion of radiation patterns, particularly with the introduction of 5G MIMO systems, where traditional methods like metal baffles or metasurface layers increase complexity and size, making them unsuitable for widespread implementation.
Innovation Solution
The design incorporates a low-band dual-polarized antenna with open slots and retained metal patches, allowing high-frequency currents to flow along the dipole arms without forming directional radiation, thereby reducing scattering effects on high-band antennas, while maintaining the original radiation pattern and avoiding the need for external shielding.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If metal baffles or metal walls are used to suppress cross-band scattering, then scattering is reduced, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the harmful scattering function from the antenna elements by introducing a metasurface layer that specifically targets and eliminates cross-band scattering. The metasurface is designed with sub-wavelength resonators that are tuned to resonate at high-band frequencies, effectively absorbing or redirecting scattered signals without affecting low-band operation. This separates the scattering suppression function from the traditional metal baffle approach, reducing overall system complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the electromagnetic parameters of the antenna system by introducing a metasurface with specific resonant properties. The metasurface elements are designed with dimensions and geometries that create resonant frequencies matching the high-band operating frequencies, thereby transforming the scattering behavior. By adjusting the metasurface parameters (element size, spacing, geometry), the scattering suppression is optimized without requiring complex mechanical structures.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If a shielding metasurface layer is placed above array elements, then scattering is suppressed, but device size increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a thin metasurface film placed over the antenna elements instead of bulky three-dimensional shielding structures. The metasurface consists of a single layer or multiple thin layers of resonant elements printed or fabricated directly on the antenna substrate. This thin-film approach provides effective scattering suppression while adding minimal volume to the antenna system, making it suitable for compact base station deployments.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses composite material structures combining the metasurface layer with the existing antenna elements and substrate. The metasurface is integrated with the antenna array in a composite configuration where the resonant elements are coupled to the ground plane and antenna radiators. This composite structure achieves scattering suppression through the synergistic interaction between the metasurface and antenna elements without requiring separate bulky shielding components.
3Area of stationary object
If antenna elements are interleaved to save space, then space is optimized, but radiation pattern distortion increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces the metasurface layer as an intermediary between the interleaved antenna elements and the surrounding environment. This metasurface acts as a mediator that manages the electromagnetic interactions between adjacent low-band and high-band elements. By providing a controlled interface that resonates at high-band frequencies, the metasurface prevents harmful scattering between interleaved elements while maintaining the space-efficient interleaved configuration and preserving radiation pattern stability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This internal redesign effectively suppresses high-frequency scattering, simplifies the antenna structure, and maintains the original radiation pattern, making it easier to process and implement in future 5G MIMO systems.
Implementation Method 1
allowing high-frequency currents to flow along the dipole arms without forming directional radiation
Implementation Method 2
reducing scattering effects on high-band antennas
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides a multi-band base station antenna for scattering suppression, including a high-band dual-polarized antenna and a low-band dual-polarized antenna. The operating band of the high-band dual-polarized antenna is 1.7-3.0 GHz, which are four; the operating band of the low-band dual-polarized antenna operates is 0.69-0.96 GHz, and is comprised of two intersected dipoles; above the high-band dual-polarized antennas, a spacing between the high-band dual-polarized antenna and the low-band dual-polarized antenna is smaller than the quarter wavelength corresponding to the low-band dual-polarized antenna; the low-band dual-polarized antenna is provided with several rectangular open slots at equal spacings, with symmetrical openings on both sides of the dipole, with a width of 1-1.5 mm and a length of 4-to 6 mm; and a ratio of the sum of widths of the open slots to a length of an arm of the dipole is greater than 0.16 and less than 0.24.