Multi-Beam Antenna Phase Control Matrix for Coverage Gain Trade-off
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional multi-beam antennas have limited radiation coverage area due to the contradiction between maximum beam width and gain, and existing technologies do not effectively address this issue.
Innovation Solution
A multi-beam antenna system comprising a one-dimensional and two-dimensional multi-beam forming module with phase control units and power division units, which converts and adjusts radio frequency signals to maximize radiation coverage by forming a matrix of radiating elements, allowing for independent adjustment of maximum gain directions in two dimensions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If a single-beam antenna is designed to have maximum beam width for maximum coverage area, then the coverage area is improved, but the antenna gain decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna system segments the radiation pattern into multiple independent beams by dividing the antenna array into multiple sub-arrays, each controlled by independent phase shifters. This allows simultaneous formation of multiple beams with different directions and widths, resolving the contradiction between coverage area and gain by distributing total power across multiple focused beams rather than one wide low-gain beam
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts beam parameters (direction, width, power distribution) in real-time through programmable phase shifters and power dividers. This allows the antenna to adaptively optimize the number, direction, and width of beams based on coverage requirements, maintaining high gain in each beam direction while achieving extensive overall coverage through multiple beams
2Area of stationary object
If a multi-beam antenna system is implemented to increase radiation coverage area without decreasing gain, then coverage area is improved, but the system complexity increases due to additional phase shifting components
Solution Approach 1:
The system merges multiple beamforming functions into a unified architecture where power dividers and phase shifters serve multiple beams simultaneously. The cascaded power division structure allows a single set of phase shifters to control multiple beams by distributing signals through different power division paths, reducing the total number of phase shifting components compared to independent beamforming systems
Solution Approach 2:
The phase shifters and power dividers are designed as multi-functional components that can dynamically configure different beam patterns. The same hardware infrastructure supports various beamforming modes (single beam, multiple beams, adaptive patterns) by reconfiguring phase and power distribution, eliminating the need for separate dedicated components for each beam
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves a relatively large radiation coverage area by optimizing the phase adjustment of radio frequency signals, reducing the need for separate phase shifting components and lowering system complexity and costs, while maintaining high gain directions.
Implementation Method 1
a multi-beam forming unit and a first phase control unit connected to the multi-beam forming unit, the multi-beam forming unit is configured to convert a radio frequency signal transmitted by the radio frequency port into M radio frequency signals having different phases
Implementation Method 2
each first power division unit is configured to divide one radio frequency signal into N radio frequency signals
Implementation Method 3
the phase shifter is disposed on P output tributaries of the N output tributaries, and the second phase control unit is configured to adjust a phase for the phase shifter to perform phase shifting
Implementation Method 4
M×N radiating elements connected to the second multi-beam forming module, where the M×N radiating elements form a matrix having N rows and M columns
Data Source
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AI summary
The present invention discloses a multi-beam antenna system and a phase adjustment method for a multi-beam antenna system, and a dual-polarized antenna system, which relate to the field of communications technologies and implement a relatively large radiation coverage area. The multi-beam antenna system includes: a one-dimensional multi-beam forming module connected to a radio frequency port, where the multi-beam forming unit is configured to convert a radio frequency signal transmitted by the radio frequency port into M radio frequency signals having different phases; a two-dimensional multi-beam forming module, where the two-dimensional multi-beam forming module includes M first power division units, and a phase shifter is disposed on P output tributaries of each first power division unit; and M×N radiating elements connected to the second multi-beam forming module, where the M×N radiating elements form a matrix having N rows and M columns, M columns of radiating elements are respectively connected to the M first power division units, N radiating elements in each column of radiating elements are respectively connected to N output tributaries of one first power division unit, and M×P radiating elements connected to output tributaries disposed with a phase shifter form a matrix having P rows and M columns.