Multi-Beam Antenna Polarization Separation for TDD Reciprocity

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing antenna systems face issues with signal loss and noise figure deterioration due to switching operations in time division duplexing (TDD), and channel non-reciprocity occurs due to polarization separation, which affects communication quality and coverage.

Innovation Solution

A multi-beam antenna apparatus using array antennas with transmission and reception elements, employing polarization composition and allocation units to separate and correct channel non-reciprocity by generating and allocating orthogonal polarizations, thereby eliminating the need for switching operations.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If switching operations are used in time division duplexing (TDD), then signal transmission and reception can be separated in time, but signal loss and noise figure deterioration occur

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvesignal transmission reliabilityVSAvoidsignal loss

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the antenna elements into transmit antenna elements and receive antenna elements, with each element having dedicated polarization characteristics. This segmentation eliminates the need for switching operations by allowing simultaneous transmit and receive operations on different polarizations, thereby reducing signal loss while maintaining TDD functionality.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces polarization as an intermediary dimension to separate transmit and receive signals. By using orthogonal polarizations (e.g., vertical and horizontal) as mediators, the system can simultaneously perform transmission and reception without direct switching, thus avoiding signal loss and noise figure deterioration associated with switching operations.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Productivity

If polarization separation is used to form multiple beams, then spatial multiplexing capability is improved, but channel non-reciprocity occurs

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvespatial multiplexing capabilityVSAvoidchannel reciprocity

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent assigns different polarization characteristics to different antenna elements locally. Each antenna element has specific polarization properties tailored to its function (transmit or receive), which allows the system to maintain channel reciprocity locally while achieving spatial multiplexing globally through the combination of multiple elements with different polarizations.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs asymmetric polarization configuration where transmit antenna elements and receive antenna elements have different polarization characteristics. This asymmetry in polarization design enables the system to achieve both spatial multiplexing through polarization separation and channel reciprocity by carefully matching the polarization states between transmit and receive paths.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #4Asymmetry

3Area of stationary object

If multiple beams with same polarization are transmitted, then coverage area is increased, but beam correlation increases reducing communication quality

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecoverage areaVSAvoidcommunication quality

Core Design Contradiction:

Area of stationary objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces polarization as an additional dimension to differentiate multiple beams. Instead of only varying beam directions in spatial dimensions, the system varies polarization states (e.g., vertical, horizontal, circular) as another dimension, allowing multiple beams to cover the same area while maintaining low correlation through polarization diversity.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution enhances communication quality by reducing beam correlation and extending cell coverage while maintaining channel reciprocity, improving signal integrity and reducing noise figure.

Implementation Method 1

transmission antenna elements used for forming a plurality of transmission beams

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectElectromagnetic radiation: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

reception antenna elements used for forming a plurality of reception beams

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentUS12355162B2Method for temporally/spatially separating polarized beams and correcting channel irreversibility, and multi-beam antenna device using same

Publication Date: 2025.07.08 KMW INC

AI summary

Disclosed are a method for temporal/spatial polarized beams and channel non-reciprocity correction and a multi-beam antenna apparatus using the same. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a multi-beam antenna apparatus includes an array antenna including transmission antenna elements used for forming a plurality of transmission beams and reception antenna elements used for forming a plurality of reception beams. The multi-beam antenna apparatus separates polarized beams temporally and spatially by using two kinds of different orthogonal polarizations, while corrects a channel non-reciprocity which occurs due to temporal polarization separation.