Multibeam Antenna Layout for Wide Coverage Without Array Feeding
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional single-beam antennas are limited in their ability to provide wide coverage as they can only radiate in one direction, making them unsuitable for modern communication systems that require multiple radiation directions, and array antennas require complex feeding networks, leading to larger sizes.
Innovation Solution
A multibeam antenna design that uses a substrate with an antenna element and guiding apparatuses to radiate beams in multiple directions without the need for a complex feeding network, allowing for miniaturization by feeding through only one end.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a single-beam antenna is used, then the antenna structure is simple, but the coverage area is limited to one direction
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna element is divided into multiple independent poles (first pole, second pole, third pole, fourth pole) that can be fed independently. Each pole can radiate in different directions, allowing the antenna to create multiple beams simultaneously while maintaining a relatively simple overall structure without requiring complex feeding networks between multiple separate antennas.
2Area of stationary object
If an array antenna is used to achieve multibeam radiation, then the coverage area increases, but the feeding network becomes complex and the overall size increases
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple antenna elements (poles) are merged into a single integrated antenna structure that shares a common substrate and grounding system. The feeding network is simplified by using a single feed point that excites multiple poles through coupled resonant structures, eliminating the need for complex individual feeding networks required by traditional array antennas.
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna structure is designed to perform multiple functions simultaneously: it generates multiple beams in different directions, provides wide coverage area, and maintains a simple feeding network. The coupled resonant structures serve both as impedance matching elements and as beam-forming elements, achieving multi-functionality without increasing complexity.
3Area of stationary object
If an array antenna is used to achieve multibeam radiation, then the coverage area increases, but the overall antenna size increases
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna poles are arranged in a nested or compact configuration on the substrate, with smaller elements positioned within or near larger elements. This nesting approach allows multiple radiating elements to be packed into a smaller overall footprint while still maintaining the ability to radiate in multiple directions and provide wide coverage area.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables beam coverage in at least two directions without a complex feeding network, facilitating miniaturization and improving flexibility and extensibility in antenna design.
Implementation Method 1
The antenna element includes a first pole and a second pole. The first pole is configured to receive a feeding signal. The second pole is grounded. The first guiding apparatus is configured to enable a first beam generated by the antenna element to radiate in a first direction.
Data Source
AI summary
A multibeam antenna including a substrate, and further includes an antenna element, a first guiding apparatus, and a second guiding apparatus disposed on the substrate. The antenna element includes a first pole configured to receive a feeding signal and a second pole that is grounded. The first guiding apparatus enables a first beam generated by the antenna element to radiate in a first direction, and the second guiding apparatus enables a second beam generated by the antenna element to radiate in a second direction. A phase center of the antenna element is at an intersecting point of a first axis and a second axis, the first axis passing through a phase center of the first guiding apparatus and parallel to the first direction, and the second axis passing through a phase center of the second guiding apparatus and parallel to the second direction.