Multicarrier Predistortion for Nonlinear Satellite HPA Distortion

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Solution Overview

Problem

High-throughput satellite communication systems face challenges in mitigating nonlinear distortion when using high-power amplifiers (HPAs) that operate at or near saturation, leading to intermodulation distortion and adjacent channel interference, which reduces spectral efficiency and power efficiency.

Innovation Solution

A multicarrier data predistortion technique is employed to estimate and compensate for distortion by modifying transmission symbols, allowing for successful transmission through nonlinear satellite channels, enabling efficient operation of HPAs near saturation with minimal IMD-induced clustering, and allowing for simple linear receivers to decode individual carrier signals.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If high-power amplifiers operate at or near saturation to improve power efficiency, then power efficiency is improved, but intermodulation distortion and adjacent channel interference increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower efficiencyVSAvoidintermodulation distortion
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies predistortion techniques that pre-compensate for nonlinear distortion by introducing an equal but opposite distortion before the signal enters the HPA. This preliminary anti-action cancels out the intermodulation distortion generated when the HPA operates near saturation, allowing the system to maintain both high power efficiency and low distortion levels.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #9Preliminary anti-action

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs preliminary channelization and filtering of the composite signal before it enters the HPA. By pre-processing the signal to separate carriers and apply individual filtering, the system reduces intermodulation distortion at the source while maintaining efficient HPA operation near saturation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Weight of stationary object

If multiple carriers share a common HPA to improve payload mass efficiency, then payload mass efficiency is improved, but intermodulation distortion and adjacent channel interference worsen

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepayload mass efficiencyVSAvoidadjacent channel interference
Core Design Contradiction:
Weight of stationary objectVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the composite signal into individual carrier components through channelization filtering before amplification. By separating the carriers in the frequency domain and applying individual filtering to each, the system reduces intermodulation distortion between carriers while maintaining the benefits of shared HPA operation for payload mass efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs preliminary channelization and filtering operations before the signal enters the shared HPA. This pre-processing separates the carriers and applies appropriate filtering to each, preventing intermodulation distortion from occurring in the first place while allowing efficient sharing of the amplifier across multiple carriers.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Object-generated harmful factors

If significant back-off is applied to mitigate nonlinear distortion, then intermodulation distortion is reduced, but amplification efficiency is lost

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenonlinear distortionVSAvoidamplification efficiency loss
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of reducing the input power to the HPA (back-off) to avoid nonlinear distortion, the patent applies predistortion that pre-compensates for the expected distortion. This allows the HPA to operate at full power with high efficiency while the predistortion ensures that the output distortion is cancelled out, achieving both low distortion and high amplification efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #9Preliminary anti-action

4Area of stationary object

If high-order modulations are used to improve spectral efficiency, then spectral efficiency is improved, but susceptibility to nonlinear distortion increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespectral efficiencyVSAvoidsusceptibility to nonlinear distortion
Core Design Contradiction:
Area of stationary objectVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies predistortion techniques that pre-compensate for nonlinear distortion effects on high-order modulation signals. By introducing equal but opposite distortion before the HPA, the system protects the delicate constellation points of high-order modulations (like 16-APSK and 32-APSK) from degradation, enabling these spectrally efficient modulations to be used without suffering from nonlinear distortion.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #9Preliminary anti-action

Data Source

PatentEP3155776B1Multicarrier successive predistortion for digital transmission
Publication Date: 2022.11.02 HUGHES NETWORK SYST
  • EP3155776B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3155776B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3155776B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An approach for improved compensation for nonlinear distortion in multicarrier satellite systems is provided. Source reflecting encoded and modulated sequences of source data symbols are received. Each source signal is predistorted, and a transmit filter is applied to each predistorted source signal. Each filtered signal is translated to a carrier frequency, and the translated signals are combined into a composite signal for transmission via a multicarrier transponder. The final predistorted version of each source signal is generated via an iterative process of a number of stages, wherein, for a given stage and for each source signal, the process comprises: receiving a prior predistorted version of each source signal from a preceding stage; processing each prior predistorted source signal based on all of the received prior predistorted source signals, wherein the processing is performed based on a characterization of one or more characteristics of the multicarrier satellite transponder.